Validity Flashcards
Reliability is to do with? But validity is to do with?
Consistency truthfulness
What are the issues of IV?
1 - social desirability
2 - researcher bias
3 - demand characteristics
What are the issues of EV?
1- population validity
2 - ecological validity
Validity definition?
A measure of whether a study legitimately measures what it claims to measure
Internal Validity definition?
The degree to which a study or test measures what it is intended to measure
External Validity definition?
The degree to which research findings can be generalised to other situations or ppl
Ways of dealing w issues of IV - E.Vs?
Control - experimental design/ standardise procedure. Counterbalancing
Ways of dealing w issues of IV - Demand characteristics ?
Use a single blind study -> this means that ppts are not old the aim of a study before they take part/ or they are lied to about the aim
Ways of dealing w issues of IV - researcher bias?
Use a double blind study -> this means that both ppts and the investigator collecting the data are not aware of the aims of the research at the start of a study
Ways of dealing w issues of IV - social desirability?
Make research anonymous and ensure confidentiality or use a lie scale -> if ppts’ think their results are anonymous they are more likely to be honest/ authentic
Ways of dealing w issues of IV - general issues with the study/ test/ measurement/ test is inaccurate?
Conduct a pilot study (trial run) -> trial run of research to identify any unnoticed EVs
Ways of dealing with external validity - unrepresentative sample? (issues of pop validity)
- Use a more representative sample -> e.g. stratified/ quota method
- carry out the study on different groups of people or increase the size of the sample group (250+ ppts)
Ways of dealing w issues of EV - artificial settings or tasks used?(issue of ecological validity)
Use a more natural setting e.g. field experiment OR use a more realistic task e.g. remembering words on a shopping list
Internal Validity is?
Inside the study - is it measuring the effect of just the IV on the DV
ALWAYS MAKE SURE TO?
LINK TO SCENARIO
External validity is?
Whether the findings can be generalised outside of the study to: target pop or ecological validity
what is ecological validity?
the extent to which findings of a study can be generalized to real life settings, often a problem for laboratory studies
what is population validity?
the extent to which the findings from a study can be generalised to the target population or to alternative groups, usually an issue when there is small or biased sample groups
acronym - how to assess/ establish if valid?
use C C C F P
How to assess/ establish if valid- content validity?
use an independent expert to assess the content (measures) of the study
concerns INTERNAL V
How to assess/ establish if valid- concurrent V?
compare test in study to one that is already seen as valid - SAME PPTS DO BOTH TESTS - (NB compare tests not studies)
MEANS OF ESTABLISHING EXTERNAL V
How to assess/ establish if valid- construct V?
use a construct (theory or idea) to establish if a test is legitimate
IV
How to assess/ establish if valid- Face V?
the researcher looks at their test to see if it is measuring what is claims to measure
EXTERNAL V
How to assess/ establish if valid- predictive?
researcher makes predictions of the outcome of test then compares to actual findings, e.g. predicts their personality test will identify different personality types
