Validity

Question 0

Face validity:

Answer 0

How well the measure appears to be assessing the intended construct

Question 1

What is meant by validity?

Answer 1

How well a test measures what it is purported to measure

Question 2

Construct validity:

Answer 2

Whether the measure is actually measuring the variable it intended to measure. What aspect of the intervention was responsible for change

Question 3

Whether the measure is actually measuring the variable it intended to measure. What aspect of the intervention was responsible for change

Answer 3

Construct validity

Question 4

How well the measure appears to be assessing the intended construct

Answer 4

Face validity

Question 5

Construct validity is not about methodology alone, it is about ____ the I.V.

Answer 5

Understanding

Question 6

Name three common threats to construct validity

Answer 6

1. Attention
2. Experimenter expectancies
3. Cues of the experimental situation

Question 7

Threats to construct validity: Attention

Answer 7

The experiment or could have given one group of participants more attention than the other.

Question 8

Threats to construct validity: experimenter expectancies

Answer 8

Experimenter’s beliefs/actions can influence N’s behaviour (similar to demand characteristics)

Question 9

Threats to construct validity: cues of the experimental situation

Answer 9

Other factors e.g. If info is leaked re: the experiment

Question 10

Internal validity:

Answer 10

To what extent you can confidently say that A caused B, and not extraneous variables

Question 11

To what extent you can confidently say that A caused B, and not extraneous variables

Answer 11

Internal validity

Question 12

Common threats to internal validity: history

Answer 12

Effects of events common to subjects in their everyday lives

Question 13

Common threats to internal validity: Maturation

Answer 13

Growing older/wiser/tired/bored

Question 14

Common threats to internal validity: Testing

Answer 14

Any change attributed to the effects of repeated assessment

Question 15

Common threats to internal validity: instrumentation

Answer 15

Changes in the measuring instrument or procedure

Question 16

Common threats to internal validity: attrition

Answer 16

Any change in overall scores due to loss of subjects

Question 17

Common threats to internal validity: selection biases

Answer 17

Any differences between groups due to differential selection of pulsation

Question 18

Common threats to internal validity: diffusion of treatment

Answer 18

The control group inadvertently receives part of the treatment given to experimental group

Question 19

External validity:

Answer 19

The extent to which findings can be generalised to other populations, places or circumstances

Question 20

Common threats to external validity: generality across time

Answer 20

Will the effects be continued following discontinuation of the treatment

Question 21

Common threats to external validity: reactivity assessment

Answer 21

The degree to which subjects are aware their behaviour is being assessed and how this influences performance.

Question 22

What is reliability?

Answer 22

The degree to which an assessment tool produces the same results consistently

Question 23

Test retest reliability:

Answer 23

A measure of reliability obtained by administering the same test twice over a period of time to a group of individuals

Question 24

Inter-rather reliability

Answer 24

The degree to which judges/raters agree on what they’ve observed

Question 25

Interobserver agreement data ensures differences in behaviour are not due to… (3 answers)

Answer 25

Changing definition, observer bias, measurement error

Question 26

The formula for calculating IOR for frequency, rate, duration or latency is

Answer 26

Smallest score / largest score x 100%

Question 27

The formula for calculating IOR for time sampling is

Answer 27

Number of agreements/total intervals x 100%