Validity Flashcards
Face validity:
How well the measure appears to be assessing the intended construct
What is meant by validity?
How well a test measures what it is purported to measure
Construct validity:
Whether the measure is actually measuring the variable it intended to measure. What aspect of the intervention was responsible for change
Whether the measure is actually measuring the variable it intended to measure. What aspect of the intervention was responsible for change
Construct validity
How well the measure appears to be assessing the intended construct
Face validity
Construct validity is not about methodology alone, it is about ____ the I.V.
Understanding
Name three common threats to construct validity
- Attention
- Experimenter expectancies
- Cues of the experimental situation
Threats to construct validity: Attention
The experiment or could have given one group of participants more attention than the other.
Threats to construct validity: experimenter expectancies
Experimenter’s beliefs/actions can influence N’s behaviour (similar to demand characteristics)
Threats to construct validity: cues of the experimental situation
Other factors e.g. If info is leaked re: the experiment
Internal validity:
To what extent you can confidently say that A caused B, and not extraneous variables
To what extent you can confidently say that A caused B, and not extraneous variables
Internal validity
Common threats to internal validity: history
Effects of events common to subjects in their everyday lives
Common threats to internal validity: Maturation
Growing older/wiser/tired/bored
Common threats to internal validity: Testing
Any change attributed to the effects of repeated assessment
Common threats to internal validity: instrumentation
Changes in the measuring instrument or procedure
Common threats to internal validity: attrition
Any change in overall scores due to loss of subjects
Common threats to internal validity: selection biases
Any differences between groups due to differential selection of pulsation
Common threats to internal validity: diffusion of treatment
The control group inadvertently receives part of the treatment given to experimental group
External validity:
The extent to which findings can be generalised to other populations, places or circumstances
Common threats to external validity: generality across time
Will the effects be continued following discontinuation of the treatment
Common threats to external validity: reactivity assessment
The degree to which subjects are aware their behaviour is being assessed and how this influences performance.
What is reliability?
The degree to which an assessment tool produces the same results consistently
Test retest reliability:
A measure of reliability obtained by administering the same test twice over a period of time to a group of individuals
