Vaccine program for horses

Question 1

Core vaccines for horses

Answer 1

Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)
Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (WEE)
Tetanus
West Nile Virus (WNV)
Rabies

Question 2

Eastern/Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE) is what type of vaccine

Answer 2

Killed
Excellent serologic response

Question 3

WNV types of vaccines

Answer 3

Excellent serologic response
Killed
-Whole virus
Recumbent canarypox
-Expressed protective antigens
Flavivirus
-Expressed protective antigens

Question 4

Types of tetanus vaccines

Answer 4

Killed
Excellent serologic response

Question 5

When would you give a tetanus vaccine to a horse with a wound

Answer 5

< 6 months since last vaccination
No booster needed
> 6 months since last vaccinated
Booster needed
Consider tetanus antitoxin

Question 6

Commination core vaccines can be what for horses

Answer 6

EEE, WEE
EEE, WEE, Tetanus
EEE, WEE, WNV, tetanus

Question 7

How do you give combined horse vaccines

Answer 7

Two doses initially, 4-6 weeks apart
Annual revaccination
Typically performed in spring, prior to mosquito season
Highest risk is August onwards

Question 8

Rabies is what type of vaccine for horses and how often

Answer 8

Killed
Excellent serologic response
Administered annually
No booster required
Even 3 year vaccines in cats and dogs are given annually in horses

Question 9

What are risk based vaccines for horses

Answer 9

Equine influenza (EV)
Equine herpes virus (EHV-1 and EHV-4)
Strangles
Anthrax
Botulism
Clostridium botulinum
Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA)
Leptospirosis
Potomac horse fever
Ehrlichia risticci
Rotavirus
Snake Bite

Question 10

EIV is vaccinated for what horses

Answer 10

Performance horses
Racehorses
Show horses
Horses 1-5 years old

Question 11

Killed infleunza horse vaccine needs how many doses

Answer 11

(Calvenza)
3 doses at
0 weeks (initial dose)
3-4 weeks later
3rd dose at 3 to 6 months later
Revaccinate at 6-12 month intervals

Question 12

MLV IN for horse infleunza are given when

Answer 12

1 dose, no booster required
Revaccinate at 6 to 12-month intervals

Question 13

What is the horses Ab response to vaccination of EIV

Answer 13

Great protection but does not boost colostral Ab levels
Use killed or canary pox vaccines to boost colostral Ab
Broodmares
Outbreak mitigation
Need at least 7 days for protection

Question 14

EHV-1, EHV-4 can cause

Answer 14

Upper resp tract signs
Fever, cough, nasal discharge, swollen LN
Mainly a problem in weanlings

Question 15

EHV-1 can cause

Answer 15

Neurologic signs
Hind-end paralysis, ataxia, recumbency, death
All ages
Abortion
Latent infections

Question 16

MLV vaccine for EHV-1 is given when

Answer 16

1 dose, no booster needed
Partial protection against resp and neurologic disease
Decreased nasal shedding

Question 17

Killed (Calvenza) equine herpes virus vaccines is given when and how good is it

Answer 17

EHV-1, EHV-4, EIV
3 doses, 3-4 weeks apart
Annual revaccination
Combined with influenza (“flu/rhino”)
Protection against respiratory disease
Partial protection against neurologic/abortion
Decrease nasal shedding

Question 18

Killed (Pneumabort K +1b or Prodigy) for equine herpes works for what

Answer 18

Protection against respiratory disease
Partial protection against neurologic/abortion
Decrease nasal shedding
To protect against abortion give at 5,7, and 9 months of pregnancy, every pregnancy
Respiratory protection
Three doses initially
Weaning, 3-4 weeks later, 6 months later
Revaccinate annually

Question 19

Who is vaccinated for strangles and signs

Answer 19

Caused by Streptococcus equi equi
Mainly a problem in weanlings and yearlings
Signs are depression, fever, purulent runny nose, swollen lymph nodes, abscesses
More severe signs in bastard strangles

Question 20

Why arent most horses vaccinated for strangles

Answer 20

More vaccine related problems with strangles vaccines then other equine vaccines
Includes risk of abscesses (injectable vaccines), fever and purpura (life threatening)
Risk of disease caused by vaccine

Question 21

How many doses of the killed strangles vaccine is needed

Answer 21

3 dose series, 3 week interval
Annual revaccination
Poor immunity
Used to prevent spread during strangles outbreak

Question 22

Why are MLV IN strangles vaccines used

Answer 22

Strong immunity after 2 doses, 2-3 week interval
Annual revaccination
Can develop abscess if given injection at same time
Administer other IM vaccines first before giving IN
OR
Administer IN vaccine at a later date

Question 23

When are broodmares vaccinated

Answer 23

Assuming previously vaccinated
5,7,9 months gestation
-EHV-1 (abortion/neuro)
-Pneumabort K+, Prodigy
4-6 weeks prepartum
-EEE/WEE
-Tetanus
-WNV
-EHV-1, EHV-4 (respiratory)
-Calvenza
-EIV
Prior to breeding
-Rabies

Question 24

When is the foal given its first vaccine

Answer 24

4-6 months assuming mare was vaccinated

Question 25

When at what vaccines will a foal get at its second set

Answer 25

(4-6 weeks after)
EEE/WEE
Rabies
Tetanus
WNV
EHV-1, EHV-4 (killed or MLV)

Question 26

When and what are the 3rd set of foal vaccines

Answer 26

(10-12 months of age)
EEE/WEE
Tetanus
WNV
EHV-1, EHV-4 (killed or MLV)
EIV(MLV IN)
Revaccinate at yearly intervals

Question 27

Racehorses and other performance horses will particularly benefit from:

Answer 27

Influenza vaccines
Herpes vaccines