Vaccine program for horses Flashcards
Core vaccines for horses
Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)
Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (WEE)
Tetanus
West Nile Virus (WNV)
Rabies
Eastern/Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE) is what type of vaccine
Killed
Excellent serologic response
WNV types of vaccines
Excellent serologic response
Killed
-Whole virus
Recumbent canarypox
-Expressed protective antigens
Flavivirus
-Expressed protective antigens
Types of tetanus vaccines
Killed
Excellent serologic response
When would you give a tetanus vaccine to a horse with a wound
< 6 months since last vaccination
No booster needed
> 6 months since last vaccinated
Booster needed
Consider tetanus antitoxin
Commination core vaccines can be what for horses
EEE, WEE
EEE, WEE, Tetanus
EEE, WEE, WNV, tetanus
How do you give combined horse vaccines
Two doses initially, 4-6 weeks apart
Annual revaccination
Typically performed in spring, prior to mosquito season
Highest risk is August onwards
Rabies is what type of vaccine for horses and how often
Killed
Excellent serologic response
Administered annually
No booster required
Even 3 year vaccines in cats and dogs are given annually in horses
What are risk based vaccines for horses
Equine influenza (EV)
Equine herpes virus (EHV-1 and EHV-4)
Strangles
Anthrax
Botulism
Clostridium botulinum
Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA)
Leptospirosis
Potomac horse fever
Ehrlichia risticci
Rotavirus
Snake Bite
EIV is vaccinated for what horses
Performance horses
Racehorses
Show horses
Horses 1-5 years old
Killed infleunza horse vaccine needs how many doses
(Calvenza)
3 doses at
0 weeks (initial dose)
3-4 weeks later
3rd dose at 3 to 6 months later
Revaccinate at 6-12 month intervals
MLV IN for horse infleunza are given when
1 dose, no booster required
Revaccinate at 6 to 12-month intervals
What is the horses Ab response to vaccination of EIV
Great protection but does not boost colostral Ab levels
Use killed or canary pox vaccines to boost colostral Ab
Broodmares
Outbreak mitigation
Need at least 7 days for protection
EHV-1, EHV-4 can cause
Upper resp tract signs
Fever, cough, nasal discharge, swollen LN
Mainly a problem in weanlings
EHV-1 can cause
Neurologic signs
Hind-end paralysis, ataxia, recumbency, death
All ages
Abortion
Latent infections
MLV vaccine for EHV-1 is given when
1 dose, no booster needed
Partial protection against resp and neurologic disease
Decreased nasal shedding
Killed (Calvenza) equine herpes virus vaccines is given when and how good is it
EHV-1, EHV-4, EIV
3 doses, 3-4 weeks apart
Annual revaccination
Combined with influenza (“flu/rhino”)
Protection against respiratory disease
Partial protection against neurologic/abortion
Decrease nasal shedding
Killed (Pneumabort K +1b or Prodigy) for equine herpes works for what
Protection against respiratory disease
Partial protection against neurologic/abortion
Decrease nasal shedding
To protect against abortion give at 5,7, and 9 months of pregnancy, every pregnancy
Respiratory protection
Three doses initially
Weaning, 3-4 weeks later, 6 months later
Revaccinate annually
Who is vaccinated for strangles and signs
Caused by Streptococcus equi equi
Mainly a problem in weanlings and yearlings
Signs are depression, fever, purulent runny nose, swollen lymph nodes, abscesses
More severe signs in bastard strangles
Why arent most horses vaccinated for strangles
More vaccine related problems with strangles vaccines then other equine vaccines
Includes risk of abscesses (injectable vaccines), fever and purpura (life threatening)
Risk of disease caused by vaccine
How many doses of the killed strangles vaccine is needed
3 dose series, 3 week interval
Annual revaccination
Poor immunity
Used to prevent spread during strangles outbreak
Why are MLV IN strangles vaccines used
Strong immunity after 2 doses, 2-3 week interval
Annual revaccination
Can develop abscess if given injection at same time
Administer other IM vaccines first before giving IN
OR
Administer IN vaccine at a later date
When are broodmares vaccinated
Assuming previously vaccinated
5,7,9 months gestation
-EHV-1 (abortion/neuro)
-Pneumabort K+, Prodigy
4-6 weeks prepartum
-EEE/WEE
-Tetanus
-WNV
-EHV-1, EHV-4 (respiratory)
-Calvenza
-EIV
Prior to breeding
-Rabies
When is the foal given its first vaccine
4-6 months assuming mare was vaccinated
When at what vaccines will a foal get at its second set
(4-6 weeks after)
EEE/WEE
Rabies
Tetanus
WNV
EHV-1, EHV-4 (killed or MLV)
When and what are the 3rd set of foal vaccines
(10-12 months of age)
EEE/WEE
Tetanus
WNV
EHV-1, EHV-4 (killed or MLV)
EIV(MLV IN)
Revaccinate at yearly intervals
Racehorses and other performance horses will particularly benefit from:
Influenza vaccines
Herpes vaccines
