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MII > Vaccinations > Flashcards

Vaccinations Flashcards

1
Q

What are advantages of antibody transfers

A

Quick acting
Support a deficient immune system
Beneficial to high-risk individuals

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2
Q

What are disadvantages of antibody transfers

A

Protection fades
Must be given via intravenous injections
Expensive + complicated to make

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3
Q

What are advantages of monoclonal antibodes

A

Single specificity
Near ulimited supply of antibodies
Antibodies w rare specifications can be isolated
Antibodies can be manipulated

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4
Q

How do you humanise a mouse monoclonal antibody

A

Isolate the complementary determining region (CDR) of the maurine monoclonal antibody

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5
Q

What is the role of CD4 T cells

A

Coordinates CD8+ and Ab responses

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6
Q

What is the role of CD8 T cells

A

Response against conserved internal proteins

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7
Q

What is a toxoid vaccine

A

Toxin derived from the pathogen

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8
Q

What is a subunit vaccine composed of

A

Entire virus or bacteria not used but components of the pathogen

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9
Q

What are advantages of sub-unit vaccines

A

No extraneous pathogenic particles e.g DNA

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10
Q

What are disadvantages of sub-unit vaccines

A

Protein may differ when not in situ
Production can be expensive

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11
Q

What is the name of the vaccine for meningitis

A

Polysaccharide protein conjugate/purified polysacc

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12
Q

What is the name of the vaccine for pneumonia

A

Purified polysaccharide polysac-protein congugate

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13
Q

What is the name of the vaccine for tuberculosis

A

Live attenuated BCG

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14
Q

What are the 7 vaccine delivery routes

A

Intranasal
Oral
Intramuscular
Intraperitoneal
Aerosolised
Intradermal
Intravenous

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15
Q

Why are vaccine adjuvants important

A

Essential for enhancing and directing adaptive immune response to vaccine antigens

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16
Q

What is the role of immature dendritic cells in vaccination

A

Digests antigen from pathogen and displays pieces of it on cell surface

17
Q

What is the role of mature dendritic cells in vaccination

A

Interacts with T and B cells to launch a specific, adaptive immune response to pathogens

18
Q

How can a life-attenuated vaccine cause a spread of the pathogen

A

Life-attenuated vaccines can lead to revertant mutants that promotes spread of pathogen

19
Q

What are the advantages of live-attenuated vaccines

A

Activates all phases of immune system
More durable immunity
Low cost
Quick immunity

20
Q

What are the disadvantages of live-attenuated vaccines

A

Secondary mutation can cause a reversion to virulence
Possible Severe complications in immunodeficiency-compromised patients
Difficulty to maintain + transport due to conditions e.g temperature

MII (21 decks)

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