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MII > diversity and biology of viruses > Flashcards

diversity and biology of viruses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a virus

A

Nucleoprotein complex which infects cells and uses the cells metabolic processes to replicate

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2
Q

What does it mean by viruses being metabolically inert

A

No metabolic activity outside host cell, must enter host cell to replicate

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3
Q

What is the typical size of a virus

A

10-400nm

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4
Q

What are structural components of viruses

A

Nucleocapsid
Lipid Envelope (+/-)

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5
Q

What is the genetic content in a virus

A

Nucleic acid
DNA or RNA
ss or ds
Linear, circular
Segmented

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6
Q

What are the functions of capsids

A

Protects NA (Nucleic acid)
Aids in transfer to/between hosts

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7
Q

What is the structure of a viral capsid

A

Protein coat
Capsomere arrangement (polyhedral, helical, complex)

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8
Q

What are capsomeres

A

Capsid subunits and protect Nucleic acid from degradation

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9
Q

What does the viral envelope surround

A

Surrounds capsid

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10
Q

What are sources of viral envelopes

A

Host plasma membrane
Nuclear membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
(All cell derived)

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11
Q

What are the components of the viral envelope

A

Phospholipid
Proteins
Glycoproteins spikes

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12
Q

What are viruses which contain viral envelopes

A

Influenza
Rabies
Herpes
HIV

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13
Q

What are the properties of adenovirus

A

Leaner DS (double stand) DNA
Nonenveloped
Icosahedral

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14
Q

What are properties of herpesviridae

A

Icosahedral capsid
Enveloped

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15
Q

What are the properties of influenza virus

A

Helical nucleocapsid
Enveloped

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16
Q

What are properties of Ebola virus

A

Helical nucleocapsid
Enveloped

17
Q

What are properties of poxvirus

A

Linear DS DNA
Enveloped
Complex (structure)

18
Q

What is virus classification based on

A

Nucleic acid: DNA RNA
Envelope: YES NO
Symmetry: (Y)polyhedral (Y)helical
Icosahedral. Cylindrical

19
Q

What suffix is used for viruses with similar structural, genomic and replication properties

A

Viridae e.g herpesviridae

20
Q

What is the suffix of families subdivided into genera

A

Virus e.g herpes simplex virus

21
Q

What are virus classification subtypes based on

A

Nucleotide sequence and antigenic reactivities e.g herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2

22
Q

What does Baltimore classification describe

A

The relationship between viral genome and mRNA

23
Q

What must viruses direct the synthesis of to produce proteins

A

Viruses must direct synthesis of mRNA to produce proteins

24
Q

What types of tissue culture are viruses grown in

A

Human fibroblasts
Mouse 3T3 fibroblasts
Human HeLa epithelial cells

25
Q

What can be used to quantify a virus

A

Plaque assay

26
Q

How to calculate the virus quantification using plaque assay

A

Plaque count x 1/dilution = plaque forming units (PFU) per unit volume of inoculate

27
Q

What method can be used for virus quantification without plaques

A

Cytopathic effect - cpe

28
Q

What is the eclipse period

A

Time between virus infecting the cell, preparing for replication, production of genomes and proteins to assemble into a virus

MII (21 decks)

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