v sy/sg Flashcards
1
Q
Skin vesicles = dew on a rose petal: a fluid filled vesicle on top of a red base.
o The fluid becomes cloudy, ruptures, and then scabs over.
o Multiple vesicles can occur together to form a crop.
A
varicella (chickenpox) from varicella zoster virus
2
Q
mucocutaneous infections, the liver, lungs, and GI
A
Disseminated herpes from HSV 1/2
3
Q
fever, “slapped face” rash on cheeks
A
erythema infectiosum (5th dis) in kids: parvoviridae
4
Q
cervical dysplasia and carcinoma
A
cervical cancer from papilloma virus
5
Q
small red vesicles on the back of the throat.
A
Herpangina: coxsackie virus A:
-also w mild self-limiting illness characterized by fever, sore throat, and
6
Q
myalgias
A
HIV: acute viral illness
7
Q
mild fever, lymphadenopathy, flu-like symptoms, and maculopapular rash that goes from the forehead to the face to the torso to the extremities lasting 3d
A
rubella from rubivirus
8
Q
hemmorrhagic fever
A
- ebola and marburg virus: filoviridae
- hantavirus pulmonary synd of bunyavirus in eu and asia
9
Q
protozoal infections in AIDs pts
A
- Toxoplasma gondii
* Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and isospora belli:
10
Q
hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplant recipients
A
BC polyomavirus
11
Q
seizures
A
- ebola virus from filoviridae
- congenital: cytomegalovirus
12
Q
vesicles in a u/l dermatomal pattern
A
varicella zoster virus (chickenpox and shingles)
13
Q
fever, headache, lower thoracic pain on breathing (pleuritic pain)
A
Pleurodynia: coxsackie virus B
14
Q
smoldering wasting dz that is characterized by fever, night sweats, weight loss, diarrhea, and elevated liver enzymes
A
Mycobacterium acium-intracellulare (MAI) in AIDS pts
15
Q
severe genital and oral outbreaks.
A
Herpes simplex
16
Q
congenital chorioretinitis
A
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
17
Q
esophageal sores
A
HIV: acute viral illness
18
Q
colitis (leading to diarrhea).
A
CMV in:
- AIDs pts
- immunocomp pts
19
Q
atypical lymphocytes on blood smear
A
mononucleosis from EBV (are large activated T cells)
20
Q
microcephaly
A
cytomegalovirus
21
Q
white hair-like projections coming off the side of the tongue.
A
oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) when EBV in AIDS pts
22
Q
severe brain and liver dis when give aspirin if have flu or chicken pox
A
Reyes synd
23
Q
swelling of parotid gland
A
mumps virus
24
Q
lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly
A
mononucleosis from EBV (from the proliferating B cells)
25
small 1-2mm white bumps that have a central dimple.
molluscum contagiosum from poxiviridae
26
conjunctivitis/swelling of the eyelids/photophobia,
prodrome (during incubation, before rash) of measles virus
27
mononucleosis
EBV if + monospot test
| cytomegalovirus if - monospot test
28
cough and hypoxa.
| • CXR: interstitial infiltrates or be normal.
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS pts
29
URI: flu-like symptoms/URI
parainfluenza virus
30
brain mass: present as seizures, weakness, aphasia.
Toxoplasma gondii in AIDs pts
31
Fevers, myalgia, chills, and later dry cough, chest pain (pleurisy), and dyspnea, possibly a sore throat
SARS from coronavirus
32
encephalitis: fever, brain inflammation, headache, and focal neurological deficits
alpha virus of togaviridae (VEE, EEE, WEE)
33
chorioretinits resulting in blindness.
CMV in AIDs pts
34
severe resp illness (maybe polio like too)
enterovirus C68
35
HIV co infections when T cell count of 200-400 (after 7y)
(weight loss, fever, night sweats, adenopathy)
| • Infections = severe athletes foot, oral thrush (candida albicans), herpes zoster become more common.
36
swollen gums with painful vesicles in the mucous membranes and where the entry occured
Gingivostomatitis from HSV 1/2
37
congenital interventricular defects
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
38
oral thrush and esophagitis.
Candida albicans in AIDs pts
39
the hepatitis that does not cause liver dis
HGV
40
negri bodies in cytoplasm
rabes from rhabdoviridae
41
red-purple plaques or nodules all over the body skin.
Kaposi’s sarcoma
| • Can remain limited with only some skin involvement or can progress and go after the LNs, Lungs, and GI tract too
42
cardiomyopathy
-myocarditis/pericarditis: coxsackie virus B
43
hemmorrhage
dengue fever from flavivirus
44
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
slow form of encephalitis that is caused by measles v.
| •can progress to CNS dz, mental deterioration, and incoordination.
45
nephritis and ureteral stenosis in renal transplant pts
BC polyomavirus
46
Red, flat or maculopapular rash that spreads from the forehead to the face, neck, torso and feet by the third day.
--> thicker and then disappear in the same pattern
measles virus
47
Koplik’s spots
measles virus: 1-2 days before the rash, pt develops small red lesions with blue-white centers in the mouth
48
hyperactivity and agitation --> confusion , meningismus, seizures, aggressive, fearless, disoriented
acute enchphalitis of rabes from rhabdoviridae
49
3. eventually, low blood O2 levels, infiltrates in multiple parts of the lung and no evidence of heart failure
RDS (non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema): Bird flu pandemic (H5N1) from Orthomyxoviridae
50
myelopathy and peripheral neuropathy
AIDS
51
massiver generalized lymphademopathy; also more bac and skin infections at the end
acute viral pd or clinical latency pd of HIV
52
orchitis
mumps virus: - swelling of the testicle and stretch the capsule to cause intense pain and rarely cause infertility.
53
1 mo after infection, fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, and pharyngitis.
acute viral illness of HIV
54
high WBC, high RBC, and low platelets.
hantavirus pulmonary synd of bunyavirus
55
dramatic motor paresis or paralysis
neuroinvasive dis from west nile virus from flavivirus
56
congenital patent ductus
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
57
painful backache, muscle and joint pain, fever and severe headache.
dengue fever from flavivirus
58
scarring and cirrhosis of liver
HBV
59
eye damage
measles virus
60
lesions Most dense on face and palms (centrifugal spread)
smallpox from poxiviridae
61
Blood has heterophile ab
mononucleosis from EBV ( ab against EBV that reacts and agglutinates with sheep RBCs to give a + monospot test that is useful for differentiating from CMV and quickly diagnosing EBV mono)
62
HIV co infections when T cell count is below 50
the immune system is almost nonexistent and can allow mycobacterium acium-intracellulare and CMV to come in
63
endemic diarrheal dis
enteric adenoviridae
64
painful muscle spasms => atrophy and loss of reflexes
paralytic poliomyelitis from poliovirus
65
hypergammaglobinemia that creates auto-abs and immune-complex formation
HIV
66
synchronous lesions
smallpox from poxiviridae
67
confusion
ebola virus from filoviridae
68
infects tonsils, payer’s patches and the motor neurons (anterior horn)
poliovirus
69
URI: bronchitis
parainfluenza virus
70
1. after 2-4 day incubation: high fever, headache, myalgias, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, sore throat, rhinorrhea, cough, SOB, and sputum production.
Bird flu pandemic (H5N1) from Orthomyxoviridae
71
chest pain
ebola virus from filoviridae
72
congenital microcephaly
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
73
memory loss, poor speech, and incoordination
BC polyomavirus: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). - CNS white matter damage
74
cranial n dysf --> painful contractions of the pharyngeal muscles --> not wanting to swallow (hydrophobia) --> foaming at the mouth from over collection of saliva
classic brainstem enchphalitis of rabes from rhabdoviridae
75
fever, rash, and joint pain/swelling, which lasts a while
chickungunya virus (alpha virus from togaviridae)
76
URI: sinus congestion
parainfluenza virus
77
paraplegia/quadriplegia
paralytic poliomyelitis from poliovirus
78
acute infectious diarrhea
rotovirus
79
asymmetric paralysis,,, or even (worse in pts over 15)
paralytic poliomyelitis from poliovirus
80
painful vesicles develop in the dermatome distribution or can be disseminated and not reside in a dermatome.
Herpes zoster in AIDS pts
81
chronic diarrhea
Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and isospora belli in AIDs pts
82
respiratory muscle failure
paralytic poliomyelitis from poliovirus
83
heart failure
-myocarditis/pericarditis: coxsackie virus B
84
2. progress to pnemonia w patchy infiltrate on CXR --> consolidation with air-bronchiograms in more than 1 lung zones
Bird flu pandemic (H5N1) from Orthomyxoviridae
85
tender enlarged liver and mildly elevated liver enzs
chronic hepatitis: HBV, HCV, HDV (when superinfection after HBV)
86
arrhythmias
-myocarditis/pericarditis: coxsackie virus B
87
HIV co infections when T cell count below 400.
TB
88
URI: pharyngitis
parainfluenza virus
89
HIV co infections when T cell count goes below 200
killing infections: pneumocytosis carinii pneumonia, Cryptococcus neoformans, and toxoplasma gondii.
90
develop hepatitis with jaundice, fever, headache, back ache, nausea, and vomiting after a week incubation period
yellow fever from flavivirus
91
congenital mental retardation
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
92
hemorrhage of the GI tract
ebola virus from filoviridae
93
viral infections in AIDs pts
* Herpes zoster
* EBV
* Herpes simplex
* CMV
94
kids have no jaundice and no symp
HAV
95
Croup
parainfluenza virus: laryngealtracheobronchitis that happens in kids to cause airway narrowing, stridor, and a seal barking cough
-in 20% of kids w metapneumovirus
96
can yeild acute, fulminant, or chronic hepatitis
HBV
97
recurrent infections, limited to UR tract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
98
periodic outbreaks of diarrhea in kids and elderly
astrovirus
99
1. flu-like: fatigue, low grade fever, myalgias, joint aches, cough, rhinitis, and pharyngitis.
2. 1-2 wks: jaundice and increased liver enzs
3. 2 wks: even more jaundice and liver enzs, painful hepatosplenomegaly
acute viral hepatitis:
- HAV, HEV
- (early stage of HCV)
- HDV when a co-infection w HBV
100
high fevers up to 105, hacking cough, rhinitis, and malaise
prodrome (during incubation, before rash) of measles virus
101
decreased level of consciousness
neuroinvasive dis from west nile virus from flavivirus
102
CXR or CT showing alveolar consolidation that could progress to acute respiratory distress synd (ARDS).
SARS from coronavirus
103
genital, laryngeal, common warts
warts from papilloma virus
104
conjunctivitis
- ebola virus from filoviridae
| - URI from adenoviridae
105
lymphoproliferative dis
EBV
106
cause of fever of unk origin (FUO)
Mycobacterium acium-intracellulare (MAI) in AIDS pts
107
headache and occasional maculopapular rash for a wk
| o continue for months as fatigue, weakness, and difficulty concentrating.
west nile fever from west nile virus from flavivirus
108
resp ctr dysf
cause death from rabes from rhabdoviridae
109
intranuclear inclusion bodies
```
herpesvirdae viruses:
HSV 1 and 2
varicella zoster
cytomegalovirus
EBV
```
110
Fever, shills, sweats, headaches, and a very painful pharyngitis
mononucleosis from EBV
111
lymphoma
ebv
112
cancers in AIDS pts
* B cell lymphoma
* Kaposi’s sarcoma
* Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
* Hodgkin’s lymphoma
* Cervical cancer from HPV co-infection
* anal intraepithelial neoplasia
113
bronchiolitis
metapneumovirus
114
fever, oral vesicles, and small tender lesions on the hands, feet, and butt.
Hand, foot, and mouth syndrome: coxsackie virus A:
115
myocarditis
measles virus
116
Young women can develop a self-limiting arthritis.
rubella from rubivirus
117
Infection of the brain cells → cell death and swelling → sudden onset of fever and focal neurological deficits
Encephalitis from HSV 1/2
118
infection of the finger → becomes swollen, hot, bright red, painful
Herpetic whitlow: from HSV 1/2
119
abortion and premature delivery
measles virus (not cause fetal defects)
120
like the flu: high fevers, muscle aches, myalgia, cough nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, and tachypnea
hantavirus pulmonary synd of bunyavirus
121
Initially: abrupt onset of fever, chills, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain
ebola virus from filoviridae
122
Rash can develop by day 5-7.
ebola virus from filoviridae
123
o High fever, chills (maybe shaking chills), headaches, malaise, and myalgias.
o Also URI viral symptoms: dry cough, sore throat, and rhinorrhea (runny, clogged nose).
Orthomyxoviridae
124
liver and spleen enlargement
HIV: acute viral illness
125
Fever, malaise, headache and rash that begins on the face and trunk and then spreads to the entire body including mucous membranes like mouth and vagina
varicella (chickenpox) from varicella zoster virus
126
chest pain
-myocarditis/pericarditis: coxsackie virus B
127
esophagitis
CMV in AIDs pts (pain with swallowing)
128
fever, headache, sore throat, fatigue, nausea, and painfully sensitive nerves around the wound site --> fasciculating muscles.
prodrome of rabes from rhabdoviridae
129
congenital pulmonary artery stenosis
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
130
URI: rhinitis
- parainfluenza virus
| - adenoviridae
131
congenital cataracts
rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
132
renal failure
hantavirus pulmonary synd of bunyavirus in eu and aisa
133
paralytic dz in the tropical islands (Japan, Caribbean, parts of S. America, and Africa)
tropical spastic paraparesis from HTLV-1
134
retinitis (leading to blindness), and
CMV in AIDs pts
135
URI leading to rhinitis, conjunctivitis, sore throat, and cough
adenoviridae
136
chronic hepatitis w cirrhosis
HCV, HBV, HDV (when superinfection after HBV)
137
burning vesicles in a u/l dermatomal pattern
zoster (shingles) from varicella zoster virus
138
fever, headache, vaginal and urethral discharge, enlarged LNs, followed by painful blisters and painful or painless ulcers.
Genital herpes from HSV 1/2
139
congenital deafness
- rubella from rubivirus when cross placenta
| - cytomegalovirus
140
congenital defects or intrauterine death.
Neonatal herpes from HSV 1/2
141
primary hepatocellular carcinoma
HBV
142
bac infections in AIDS pts
* Strep pneumoniae
* TB reactivation
* Mycobacterium acium-intracellulare (MAI)
143
fungal infections in AIDs pts
* Candida albicans
* Crytococcus neoformans:
* Histoplasma capsulatum and coccidiodes immitis
* Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP)
