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uworld14 Flashcards

1
Q

most common brain tumor in kids

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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2
Q

which pediatric brain tumor causes weakness, seizures, and sensory changes

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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3
Q

what doesnt develop with mullerian agenesis

A

uterus, cervix, upper 1/3 vagina

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4
Q

sporothrix lesions

A

papules ulcerate- odorless nonpurulent fluid

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5
Q

dx and tx of sporothrix

A

dx: cultures- aspirate fluid or bx
tx: itraconazole for 3-6 mo

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6
Q

vitiligo associated with

A

other autoimmune disorders (lupus, hashimoto, addison)

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7
Q

elevated CK and muscle weakness

A

polymyositis

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8
Q

tx of polymyositis

A

steroids

also methotrexate, azathioprine

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9
Q

chronic GERD predisposes to

A

barret’s esophagus

erosive esophagitis

stricture formation

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10
Q

failure of neural crest migration during fetal intestinal development

A

hirschprung disease

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11
Q

first line for ringworm

A

topical antifungals (clotrimazole, terbinafine, etc)

second line is oral

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12
Q

history of repetitive wrist extension and pain with resisted extension and passive flexion with pain at the elbow that radiates down

A

lateral epicondylitis

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13
Q

tx for somatic symptom disorder

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

poison ivy/oak is what type of hypersensitivit rxn?

A

4

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15
Q

4 pathophys mechanisms of hypersenitivity types

A

1: IgE mediated (urticaria, anaphylaxis)
2: IgG and IgM (goodpasture, AIHM)
3: Abs-Ag complex (lupus)
4: T-cell and macrophage (TB, contact derm)

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16
Q

someone with ESRD on HD gets massive HTN crisis

A

side effect of epo therapy

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17
Q

hereditary telengastias sxs

A

diffuse telengastasia

recurrent epistaxis

AVMs

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18
Q

corneal vesicles and dendritic ulcers, and eye pain, blurred vision

A

herpres simplex keratitis

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19
Q

conjunctivitis and dendriform ulcers in eye, as well as pain, fever

A

herpes zoster opthalmicus

20
Q

can bronchitis give hemoptysis?

A

yes, chronic

21
Q

giant cell arteritis with vision sxs (amarosis fugax or arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy) management

A

IV methylprednisone for 3 days, followed by oral

worry about temporal art biopsy after, cmon!

22
Q

which tinea needs to be treated as opposed to orally?

A

tinea capitis - griseofulvin

onychomychosis- terbanifine

23
Q

which eye do you patch in kid with cross eyes

A

good eye

24
Q

complications of bacterial meningitis

A

hearing loss
Cerebral palsy
epilepsy
intellectual disability

25
Q

order of management when you suspect bacterial meningitis

A
  1. LP
  2. IV abx

you dont need CT head in infant apparently

26
Q

initial screening test for thalassemia in mom

A

CBC

27
Q

super scaly and ashy, worse after winter and increases with aging

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

28
Q

dx of acute angle closure glaucoma

A

goniscopy

ocular tonometry is helpful to measure pressure

29
Q

pheo HTN surges can be triggered by

A

intra-abdominal pressure

surgery

meds- anesthesia

30
Q

most common skin malignancy on immunosuppressants

A

squamous

31
Q

most common cause of death in renal transplant or dialysis patients

A

cardiovascular disease

32
Q

which thyroid cancer is known to cause obstructive sxs (hoarseness, dysphagia)

A

thyroid lymphoma

33
Q

management of androgen insensitivity syndrome

A

gonadectomy for cancer prevention

gender reassignment counseling

34
Q

what confirms breast mass

A

biopsy

35
Q

which food poisoning is vomiting predominant

A

staph aureus
bacillus
norovirus

36
Q

Todd’s paralysis

A

transient FND (hemiparesis) after seizure

37
Q

initial management of suspected septic arthritis

A

arthrocentesis

38
Q

best markers for resolving DKA

A

serum anion gap

beta-hydroxybutyrate

39
Q

recurrent painful apthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis, erythema nodosum, venous thrombosis

A

behcet syndrome

40
Q

preseptal cellulitis

A

infection anterior to orbital septum

painful eyelid swelling and erythema

in contrast to orbital cellulitis, no opthalmoplegia, proptosis, or painful eye movements

41
Q

when is odds ratio a close approximation to relative risk?

A

if the incidence of disease is low in the population

42
Q

which other diabetic med can help lose weight besides metformin?

A

GLP-1 agonist

43
Q

which travelers diarrhea has prolonged watery diarrhea

A

giardia
cryptosporidium parvum
cyclospora

44
Q

drug-induced acne caused by which drugs

A

steroids
azathioprine
anticonvulsants, antipsychotics
anti-TB drugs

45
Q

thymus is a sharply demarcated triangle to the right of heart in CXR until what age (sail sign)

A

3

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