uworld12 Flashcards
target cells, think
beta thalassemia
therapy for beta thalassemia minor
none
milk protein allergy in babies associated with what
bloody stools, eczema, poor weight gain
GERD physilogic in baby sxs and tx
sxs: asx, happy spitter, normal growth
tx: reassurance, hold baby upright for 20-30 min
GERD pathologic in baby sxs and tx
sxs: FTT, irritable
tx: antacid, thicken food
2nd step after pulm nodule found and you compared it to prior CXR
CT chest
what % body surface is SJS vs TEN
SJS: <10%
TEN: >30%
recurrent bacteria infections in adult
CVID- apparently most diagnosed as an adult
hypopigmented macules after being in the sun
tinea/pityriasis versicolor- malassezia fungus
dx and tx of tinea versicolor
KOH prep- budding yeast
tx: selenium sulfide or ketoconazole
management of norma low back pain
maintain activity, exercise therapy
NSAIDs, tylenol
if chronic: consider TCAs, duloxetine
when should tympanostomy tubes be considered in kid with AOM
> 3 episodes in 6 mo or >4 in 12 mo
electrical alternans, think
pericardial effusion
multiple lung cavities with tracheal narrowing and ulceration, hemoptysis, renal dz
Wegeners GPA
what’s most effective for MDD- SSRI, therapy, or combo
combo
catatonia treatment
benzos, ECT
what’s more common of neurocognitive dementia as opposed to normal aging?
getting lost
first line for specific phobia
CBT with exposure
2nd gen antipsychotic MOA
serotonin 2A and dopamine D2 antagonist
ramelteon helps with what type of insomnia
sleep-onset insomnia
for parkinson’s, motor sxs must precede cogntivie sxs for how long (otherwise considered lewy body dementia)
1 year
drug to help PCP intoxication agitation
benzo- lorazepam
treatment of choice for adjustment disorder
pschyotherapy
what is this: patient with hx of abuse has gaps in memory and behavior of different personality states
dissociative identity disorder
depersonalization/derealization disorder
detached from body, being an observer to self
experiencing surroundings as unreal
dissociative amnesia
cant recall info from stressful event
not explained by another disorder (PTSD, substance)
differentiating nightmare disorder vs sleep terrors
nightmares: REM, recall dream, recurrent awakenings
sleep terrors: non-REM, dont recall, autonomic arousal
treatment for acute dystonia
benztropin, diphenhydramine
treatment for akesthesia
beta blocker
benzo
benztropine
treatment for tardive dyskinesia
valbenazine
do you need anticoagulation from stroke d/t infective endocarditis vegetation
no
adnexal mass found in post menopausal woman, next steps?
pelvic US and CA-125 (specific as you age)
dont do needle aspiration, can spread cancer!
breast erythema, warmth, pain, dimpling
inflammatory breast carcinoma
next step if pregnant person found to have HSIL on pap
colpo
how are TRH and prolactin related
TRH stimulates prolactin
how does chemo cause amenorrhea
primary ovarian insufficiency
differentiating lyme arthritis from gonorrhea arthritis
gonorrhea: joint fluid purulent, with tenosynovitis and skin lesions
lyme: joint fluid yellow, arthritis for months
what does gram stain show in lyme arthritis?
nothing
traction apophysitis refers to
osgood schaltters
what type of study is it when you compare disease prevalence to having risk factor or not
cross sectional
finding ligament of treitz on the right side of abdomen indicates what
malrotation
corkscrew pattern on upper GI series indicates
volvolus
imaging of choice to look at malrotation/volvolus
upper GI series
immediate management of bilious vomiting
stop feeds, NG tube decompression, IVF
then abdominal x-ray
treatment for minimal change dz
steroids
is there leukocytosis or elevated inflammatory markers in avascular necrosis?
no
why thyroid cancer invades tumor capsule and blood vessels
follicular
post-liver transplant, someone gets cough, fever, diffuse interstitial infiltrates
PJP
diagnosis of PJP
bronchoalveolar lavage
which has high and which low retic count? iron def anemia vs thalassemia
high: thalassemia
low: iron def
pigmented palmar crease, think…
primary adrenal insuffiency
management of symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism
parathyroidectomy
neonates with RSV can get what complications
apnea
resp failure
recurrent wheezing
dull tympanic membrane that is hypomobile in someone who has HIV
serous otitis media- middle ear effusion- from LAD or obstructing lymphoma
how do kidneys respond to heart faiure
activate R-A-A
–> vasoconstrict afferent and efferent arterioles –> decrease renal blood flow
but constricitng efferent maintains GFR
someone gets liver transplant and has large leukocytosis and hemodynamic instability and fever, RUQ pain. what is it
bacteria infection (rejection doesnt have large leuk or instability)
infectious causes post-transplant at <1 mo, months 1-6, and >6
<1: operative/hospital complications- abscess, wound leak
1-6: opportunistic: CMV< aspergillus, TB
> 6: typical community acquired pathogens
is RV up or down in restrictive lung dz
down
is DLCO up or down in restrictive?
down
is arterial-alveolar gradient up or down in restrictive?
up
progressive ataxia and loss of position and vibratory sense
friedrich ataxia
