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uworld12 Flashcards

1
Q

target cells, think

A

beta thalassemia

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2
Q

therapy for beta thalassemia minor

A

none

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3
Q

milk protein allergy in babies associated with what

A

bloody stools, eczema, poor weight gain

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4
Q

GERD physilogic in baby sxs and tx

A

sxs: asx, happy spitter, normal growth
tx: reassurance, hold baby upright for 20-30 min

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5
Q

GERD pathologic in baby sxs and tx

A

sxs: FTT, irritable
tx: antacid, thicken food

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6
Q

2nd step after pulm nodule found and you compared it to prior CXR

A

CT chest

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7
Q

what % body surface is SJS vs TEN

A

SJS: <10%

TEN: >30%

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8
Q

recurrent bacteria infections in adult

A

CVID- apparently most diagnosed as an adult

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9
Q

hypopigmented macules after being in the sun

A

tinea/pityriasis versicolor- malassezia fungus

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10
Q

dx and tx of tinea versicolor

A

KOH prep- budding yeast

tx: selenium sulfide or ketoconazole

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11
Q

management of norma low back pain

A

maintain activity, exercise therapy
NSAIDs, tylenol

if chronic: consider TCAs, duloxetine

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12
Q

when should tympanostomy tubes be considered in kid with AOM

A

> 3 episodes in 6 mo or >4 in 12 mo

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13
Q

electrical alternans, think

A

pericardial effusion

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14
Q

multiple lung cavities with tracheal narrowing and ulceration, hemoptysis, renal dz

A

Wegeners GPA

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15
Q

what’s most effective for MDD- SSRI, therapy, or combo

A

combo

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16
Q

catatonia treatment

A

benzos, ECT

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17
Q

what’s more common of neurocognitive dementia as opposed to normal aging?

A

getting lost

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18
Q

first line for specific phobia

A

CBT with exposure

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19
Q

2nd gen antipsychotic MOA

A

serotonin 2A and dopamine D2 antagonist

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20
Q

ramelteon helps with what type of insomnia

A

sleep-onset insomnia

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21
Q

for parkinson’s, motor sxs must precede cogntivie sxs for how long (otherwise considered lewy body dementia)

A

1 year

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22
Q

drug to help PCP intoxication agitation

A

benzo- lorazepam

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23
Q

treatment of choice for adjustment disorder

A

pschyotherapy

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24
Q

what is this: patient with hx of abuse has gaps in memory and behavior of different personality states

A

dissociative identity disorder

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25
Q

depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

detached from body, being an observer to self

experiencing surroundings as unreal

26
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

cant recall info from stressful event

not explained by another disorder (PTSD, substance)

27
Q

differentiating nightmare disorder vs sleep terrors

A

nightmares: REM, recall dream, recurrent awakenings

sleep terrors: non-REM, dont recall, autonomic arousal

28
Q

treatment for acute dystonia

A

benztropin, diphenhydramine

29
Q

treatment for akesthesia

A

beta blocker
benzo
benztropine

30
Q

treatment for tardive dyskinesia

A

valbenazine

31
Q

do you need anticoagulation from stroke d/t infective endocarditis vegetation

A

no

32
Q

adnexal mass found in post menopausal woman, next steps?

A

pelvic US and CA-125 (specific as you age)

dont do needle aspiration, can spread cancer!

33
Q

breast erythema, warmth, pain, dimpling

A

inflammatory breast carcinoma

34
Q

next step if pregnant person found to have HSIL on pap

A

colpo

35
Q

how are TRH and prolactin related

A

TRH stimulates prolactin

36
Q

how does chemo cause amenorrhea

A

primary ovarian insufficiency

37
Q

differentiating lyme arthritis from gonorrhea arthritis

A

gonorrhea: joint fluid purulent, with tenosynovitis and skin lesions
lyme: joint fluid yellow, arthritis for months

38
Q

what does gram stain show in lyme arthritis?

A

nothing

39
Q

traction apophysitis refers to

A

osgood schaltters

40
Q

what type of study is it when you compare disease prevalence to having risk factor or not

A

cross sectional

41
Q

finding ligament of treitz on the right side of abdomen indicates what

A

malrotation

42
Q

corkscrew pattern on upper GI series indicates

A

volvolus

43
Q

imaging of choice to look at malrotation/volvolus

A

upper GI series

44
Q

immediate management of bilious vomiting

A

stop feeds, NG tube decompression, IVF

then abdominal x-ray

45
Q

treatment for minimal change dz

A

steroids

46
Q

is there leukocytosis or elevated inflammatory markers in avascular necrosis?

A

no

47
Q

why thyroid cancer invades tumor capsule and blood vessels

A

follicular

48
Q

post-liver transplant, someone gets cough, fever, diffuse interstitial infiltrates

A

PJP

49
Q

diagnosis of PJP

A

bronchoalveolar lavage

50
Q

which has high and which low retic count? iron def anemia vs thalassemia

A

high: thalassemia
low: iron def

51
Q

pigmented palmar crease, think…

A

primary adrenal insuffiency

52
Q

management of symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism

A

parathyroidectomy

53
Q

neonates with RSV can get what complications

A

apnea
resp failure
recurrent wheezing

54
Q

dull tympanic membrane that is hypomobile in someone who has HIV

A

serous otitis media- middle ear effusion- from LAD or obstructing lymphoma

55
Q

how do kidneys respond to heart faiure

A

activate R-A-A
–> vasoconstrict afferent and efferent arterioles –> decrease renal blood flow
but constricitng efferent maintains GFR

56
Q

someone gets liver transplant and has large leukocytosis and hemodynamic instability and fever, RUQ pain. what is it

A

bacteria infection (rejection doesnt have large leuk or instability)

57
Q

infectious causes post-transplant at <1 mo, months 1-6, and >6

A

<1: operative/hospital complications- abscess, wound leak

1-6: opportunistic: CMV< aspergillus, TB

> 6: typical community acquired pathogens

58
Q

is RV up or down in restrictive lung dz

A

down

59
Q

is DLCO up or down in restrictive?

A

down

60
Q

is arterial-alveolar gradient up or down in restrictive?

A

up

61
Q

progressive ataxia and loss of position and vibratory sense

A

friedrich ataxia

Step 2 (22 decks)

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