UTI-Specific Antibiotics Flashcards
What are the 3 main-line Abx used for UTI infections?
- Nitrofurantoin (PO)
- Fosfomycin (PO)
- Methenamine (PO)
What is Nitrofurantoin commonly used for, how long is it administered, and what can it NOT be used to treat?
Use: LOWER tract UTIs (cystitis), typically administered for 7 days
CANNOT use for pyelonephritis due to poor kidney tissue penetration
What two lung side-effects can Nitrofurantoin cause?
- Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (7-10 days post Tx)
- Pulmonary Fibrosis (months after Tx)
What is the MOA of Fosfomycin?
inhibits cell wall synthesis by interfering with peptidoglycan synthesis
How is Fosfomycin typically administered and what can it NOT be given for?
Typically administered in one-time mega-dose of 3 grams
- like Nitrofurantoin, cannot be used to treat PYELONEPHRITIS
What is the MOA of Methenamine?
converted to formaldehyde in the bladder, leading to bacteriostatic effect
- requires acidic environment to work (pH < 5.5) so ineffective vs Proteus