Fluoroquinolones Flashcards
What are 3 commonly used fluoroquinolones and what is their overall mechanism of action?
Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Ciprofloxacin (IV and Oral)
MOA: DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase inhibitors = BACTERICIDAL
What are 6 possible side-effects of fluoroquinolone use?
- QT PROLONGATION
- tendon rupture
- GI intolerance
- teratogenicity
- inc. risk of retinal detachment
- high rate of C. diff
Which of the fluoroquinolones have the BEST coverage against TB?
Moxifloxacin > Levofloxacin > Ciprofloxacin
What is the best route for fluoroquinolone administration and why?
ORAL > IV
- has really good bioavailability
What is the coverage of Ciprofloxacin and when is it used for pneumonia?
Coverage: BEST Gram - coverage of the FQs; no gram + coverage or good anaerobic coverage
Not used for CAP due to no Strep coverage, but provided for double coverage for Pseudomonas in HAP, HCAP, VAP
What is the coverage of Levofloxacin and what is it commonly used to treat?
“Respiratory Fluoroquinolone”
Coverage: excellent Strep pneumo and atypical coverage, less Pseudomonas vs Ciprofloxacin
Tx: Community-acquired PNA (can use as monotherapy)
What is the brand name of Levofloxacin?
Levoquin
What is the coverage of Moxifloxacin and what is it commonly used to treat?
also a “respiratory FQ” but virtually NO URINE or PSEUDOMONAS coverage vs Levofloxacin
- BEST Gram +, anaerobe, and atypical coverage of the fluoroquinolones
What is Norfloxacin used for?
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis prophylaxis
