UTI

Question 1

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole is still the first line agent in treatment of e. coli UTI. Yes or No?

Answer 1

Yes.

Question 2

Ampicillin induces rash in which patients?

Answer 2

In 10% of all patients
All patients with infectious mononucleosis
And patients receiving allopurinol

Question 3

When Jarsich-Herxheimer reaction occurs, penicillin should be discontinued. Yes or No?

Answer 3

No. Continue therapy with penicillin.

Question 4

After 2 weeks of piperacillin/ticarcillin what do patients usually experience?

Answer 4

Platelet dysfunction

Question 5

What penicillin causes acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 5

Methicillin

Question 6

What causes cross allergy with penicillin?

Answer 6

Cephalosporins

Question 7

Cefmandole and cefperazone cause..

Answer 7

Hypoprothrombinemia which can be prevented by vit. K.

Question 8

Cephalosporins are similar to metronidazole in that they..

Answer 8

Both cause disulfiram-like reaction.

Question 9

Nephrotoxicity is increased with cephalosporins when they are administered with..

Answer 9

Gentamicin, loop diuretics and NSAIDs.

Question 10

Why aren’t aminoglycosides effective against anaerobes?

Answer 10

Bedwuse they are concentrated inside bacteria by O2 requiring active transport.

Question 11

Aminoglycosides show synergistic effect when used with beta lactams but should never be mixed in the same container. Why?

Answer 11

Because aminoglycosides are strong basic drugs while beta lactams are acidic.

Question 12

What decreases aminoglycosides transport?

Answer 12

Chloramphenicol

Question 13

What causes gray baby syndrome?

Answer 13

Chloramphenicol

Question 14

Which tetracycline is affective against MRSA and VRSA?

Answer 14

Tigecycline

Question 15

Which group of antibiotics cause permanent damage to teeth and bone?

Answer 15

Tetracycline as they bind to calcium and deposit causing yellow discoloration of the teeth and deformity in bones.

Question 16

What’s fanconi syndrome?

Answer 16

Nephrotoxicity when tetracyclines are taken after the expiration date

Question 17

Demeclocycline causes diabetes inspidus like syndrome, why?

Answer 17

Because it decreases ADH.

Question 18

Mafenide is unlike other sulfonamides in what?

Answer 18

It’s not affected by pus or PABA.

Question 19

Mention 4 drugs that cause hemolysis with G6PD deficiency.

Answer 19

Isoniazid, dapson, nitrofurantoin and sulfonamides.

Question 20

Mention 3 drugs that cause discoloration of urine.

Answer 20

Rifampicin, Oxanquine and Nitrofurantoin.

Question 21

Why should sulfonamides be avoided in pregnancy and lactation?

Answer 21

Because they displace billirubin causing kernicterus.

Question 22

Sulfonamides are contraindicated with methenamine. Explain why.

Answer 22

As it forms insoluble compounds with formaldehyde.

Question 23

What’s the antibiotic used in prostatitis and why?

Answer 23

Trimethoprim

it’s a weak base so it gets trapped in acidic prostatic fluid.

Question 24

Mention 2 drugs that cause megaloblastic anemia.

Answer 24

N2O as an anesthetic

Trimethoprim as an antibiotic.

Question 25

What’s the first line in treatment of pneumocystis jirovici? And what’s the second line?

Answer 25

Cotrimoxazole is first line and Dapson is second line.

Question 26

Mention 3 UTI drugs that cause platelet dysfunction.

Answer 26

Piperacillin, Ticarcillin and Moxalactam