UTI Flashcards
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole is still the first line agent in treatment of e. coli UTI. Yes or No?
Yes.
Ampicillin induces rash in which patients?
In 10% of all patients
All patients with infectious mononucleosis
And patients receiving allopurinol
When Jarsich-Herxheimer reaction occurs, penicillin should be discontinued. Yes or No?
No. Continue therapy with penicillin.
After 2 weeks of piperacillin/ticarcillin what do patients usually experience?
Platelet dysfunction
What penicillin causes acute interstitial nephritis?
Methicillin
What causes cross allergy with penicillin?
Cephalosporins
Cefmandole and cefperazone cause..
Hypoprothrombinemia which can be prevented by vit. K.
Cephalosporins are similar to metronidazole in that they..
Both cause disulfiram-like reaction.
Nephrotoxicity is increased with cephalosporins when they are administered with..
Gentamicin, loop diuretics and NSAIDs.
Why aren’t aminoglycosides effective against anaerobes?
Bedwuse they are concentrated inside bacteria by O2 requiring active transport.
Aminoglycosides show synergistic effect when used with beta lactams but should never be mixed in the same container. Why?
Because aminoglycosides are strong basic drugs while beta lactams are acidic.
What decreases aminoglycosides transport?
Chloramphenicol
What causes gray baby syndrome?
Chloramphenicol
Which tetracycline is affective against MRSA and VRSA?
Tigecycline
Which group of antibiotics cause permanent damage to teeth and bone?
Tetracycline as they bind to calcium and deposit causing yellow discoloration of the teeth and deformity in bones.
What’s fanconi syndrome?
Nephrotoxicity when tetracyclines are taken after the expiration date
Demeclocycline causes diabetes inspidus like syndrome, why?
Because it decreases ADH.
Mafenide is unlike other sulfonamides in what?
It’s not affected by pus or PABA.
Mention 4 drugs that cause hemolysis with G6PD deficiency.
Isoniazid, dapson, nitrofurantoin and sulfonamides.
Mention 3 drugs that cause discoloration of urine.
Rifampicin, Oxanquine and Nitrofurantoin.
Why should sulfonamides be avoided in pregnancy and lactation?
Because they displace billirubin causing kernicterus.
Sulfonamides are contraindicated with methenamine. Explain why.
As it forms insoluble compounds with formaldehyde.
What’s the antibiotic used in prostatitis and why?
Trimethoprim
it’s a weak base so it gets trapped in acidic prostatic fluid.
Mention 2 drugs that cause megaloblastic anemia.
N2O as an anesthetic
Trimethoprim as an antibiotic.
What’s the first line in treatment of pneumocystis jirovici? And what’s the second line?
Cotrimoxazole is first line and Dapson is second line.
Mention 3 UTI drugs that cause platelet dysfunction.
Piperacillin, Ticarcillin and Moxalactam
