Miscellaneous Flashcards
Echinacea modulates the immune system by several mechanisms.
Increases phagocytosis, IL1,6,10 TNF-alpha.
Has anti-inflammatory actions and antimicrobial actions.
Echinacea is used in treatment of common cold and has flu-like syndrome as a side effect. Yes or No?
Yes.
Garlic has antihypertensive properties and antidyslipidemic as well.
It inhibits ACE and has antioxidant effect and also decreases the enzyme HMG-coA reductase which decreases cholesterol.
What are the uses of Gingko Biloba?
Memory enhancement in Alzheimer’s and dementia, in intermittent claudication.
Mention two substances that have antineoplastic properties.
Garlic and St. John’s Wort
What’s the use of Saw Palmetto?
In BPH as it reduces the enzyme 5alpha reductase and prostatic growth factor
What is the substance that’s used in statin induced myopathy?
Coenzyme Q10
What does deficiency of vit. B1 cause?
Beri beri
What does the deficiency of vit. B2 cause?
Stomatitis, glossitis, dermatitis, anemia and neuropathy.
What’s the enzyme that’s used in treatment of isoniazid peripheral neuropathy and vomiting in pregnancy?
And what’s the outcome of its deficiency?
Vit. B6
Its deficiency causes dermatitis, anemia and peripheral neuritis.
What’s the outcome of vit. B3 deficiency?
Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia)
What’s the vitamin deficiency that causes neuromuscular degeneration and adrenocortical insufficiency?
Pantothenic acid.
What vitamin is used in treatment of acne? And what’s the outcome of its deficiency?
Vit. A (Isoretinoin)
Its deficiency causes night blindness, dry skin and urinary calculi.
What’s a vitamin that’s teratogenic?
Vit. A
What does vit. E deficiency cause?
CNS degeneration, muscle atrophy and atherosclerosis.
Dimercaprol is used for chelating which heavy metals? Hint: MAGA
Mercury, Arsenic, Gold, Antimony
Dicobalt edetate is used in chelation of which heavy metal?
Cyanide.
Disodium edetate is used in chelation of?
Calcium
Deferoxamine is used to chelate what? And what other substance is used to chelate the same heavy metal?
IV for iron
Deferasirox and Deferipone are used orally to chelate iron as well.
D-penicillamine is used in chelation of? Hint: CML
Copper in Wilson’s disease
Mercury and Lead
Trientine is used in chelation of?
Copper
Succimer is used in chelation of? Hint:MAL
Mercury, Arsenic and Lead
Calcium lactate used as a diluent may chelate what?
Tetracycline
Ampicillin, ascorbic acid and barbiturates react with what?
Dextran solutions
Benzyl penicillin, erythromycin and gentamicin, and hydrocortisone react with what?
Heparin solutions.
Never mix thiopental with?
Succinylcholine
PZI + soluble insulin cause precipitation of what?
Soluble insulin
What PNS decreases the effect of warfarin?
Coenzyme Q10
What PNS causes cross allergy with people with shellfish allergy?
Glucosamine
What PNS causes infertility and why?
Melatonin
Due to inhibition of LH and sperm formation
What botanical substance is used in treatment of hypertension and atherosclerosis?
Garlic
What botanical substance is used to prevent GI cancer?
Garlic
What substance is used in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia?
Gingko biloba
Ginseng is used to decrease postprandial glucose. Why?
It increases insulin release and sensitivity
What’s the botanical substance used in treatment of sciatica?
St. John’s Wort
Ginseng causes estrogenic side effects.
Mastalgia and vaginal bleeding.
