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Ob Gyne 3 > Uterine Pathology > Flashcards

Uterine Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

The 3 types of congenital anomalies of the uterus

A
  • arrested development
  • failure of fusion
  • failure of resorption
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2
Q

Unicornuate uterus

A

Arrested development

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3
Q

Bicornuate and uterine didelphys

A

Failure of fusion

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4
Q

Septate and sub septate

A

Failure of resorption

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5
Q

Partial vagina only, cervix, upper vagina and uterus are missing

A

MRKH syndrome

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6
Q

When the uterus descends down the vagina

A

Prolapsed uterus

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7
Q

Endometrial lining is replaced by fibrous adhesions

A

Asherman’s syndrome

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8
Q

A form of asherman’s where there is a scar on the uterine lining

A

Synechiae

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9
Q

This malformation causes menorrhagia and is difficult to see until you use doppler

A

Arteriovenous malformation (AV)

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10
Q

Multiplication of abnormal cells, can be malignant or benign

A

Neoplasia

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11
Q

Thick, hyperechoic endometrium either focal or diffuse that causes irregular bleeding just after menarche or before menopause

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

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12
Q

Endometrium measuring 7-14mm

A

Secretory

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13
Q

Endometrium measuring 4-8mm

A

Proliferative

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14
Q

Post menopausal endometrium >5mm

A

Abnormal

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15
Q

What phase in the menstrual cycle should be scanned when investigating for endometrial hyperplasia?

A

Early proliferative

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16
Q

Endometrial growth extending into the canal from a stalk

A

Endometrial polyps

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17
Q

Extension of endometrial tissue into the myometrium, usually in the posterior wall

A

Adenomyosis

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18
Q

How can you differentiate between uterine varices and ovaries?

A

Colour doppler

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19
Q

Inflammation of the endometrium

A

Endometritis

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20
Q

Most common tumour in the female pelvis

A

Leiomyoma (fibroid)

21
Q

Benign neoplastic mass of fibromuscular tissue

A

Leiomyoma (fibroids)

22
Q

Malignant fibroid

A

Leiomyosarcoma

23
Q

Fibroids confined to the myometrium, also the most common.

A

Intramural

24
Q

Fibroids projecting into the uterine cavity

A

Submucosal

25
Q

Fibroids that project from perimetrium

A

Subserosal

26
Q

Hypoechoic with high attenuation, overall enlarged uterus with an irregular contour, calcification present in older patients

A

Sonographic appearance of fibroids

27
Q

Lipocytes and fibromuscular tissue

A

Lipoleiomyoma

28
Q

Leiomyosarcoma and endometrial carcinoma

A

Malignant uterine neoplasia

29
Q

Rare, may arise from a pre-existing fibroid with the same symptoms as fibroids

A

Leiomyosarcoma

30
Q

Degenerative fibroid appearance with possible local invasion of surrounding organs or hepatic metastases

A

Sonographic appearance of leiomyosarcoma

31
Q

90% of all uterine malignancies are this

A

Endometrial carcinoma

32
Q
  1. Confined to endometrium
  2. Confined to uterus
  3. Spread beyond uterus but still in pelvis
  4. Distal metastasis (ie. liver)
A

Stages of endometrial carcinoma

33
Q

HRT, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, PCOS, granulosa cell tumours of the ovary

A

Increased risk for endometrial carcinoma (endo CA)

34
Q

Causes a bizarre endometrium, used in the treatment of breast cancer and is an estrogen antagonist

A

Tamoxifen

35
Q

A bicornuate uterus is identified on a pelvic ultrasound. Which other organ could have congenital abnormalities and should be included in this study?

A

Kidneys

36
Q

Upper limit of normal for the endometrium in the reproductive age population?

A

14mm

37
Q

Which type of lieomyoma is the most common cause of infertility?

A

Submucosal

38
Q

Which population of patients have a higher risk of developing endometrial cancer?

A

Postmenopausal

39
Q
A

Synechiae

40
Q
A

Arteriovenous (AV) malformation

41
Q
A

Endometrial hyperplasia

42
Q
A

Endometrial polyps

43
Q
A

Prominent arcuate vessels

44
Q
A

Uterine varices

45
Q
A

Endometritis

46
Q
A
  1. Intramural fibroid
  2. Subserosal fibroid
  3. Submucosal fibroid
47
Q
A

Fibroids/leiomyoma

48
Q
A

Tamoxifen therapy

Ob Gyne 3 (17 decks)

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