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Ob Gyne 3 > Fetal Neural Pathology > Flashcards

Fetal Neural Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Choroid plexus in the ventricles

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2
Q

What is the flow of CSF starting at the lateral ventricles

A

Lateral ventricles, interventricular foramen, 3rd ventricle (foramen of Munro), cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius), 4th ventricle, Magendie (to the spine) and Luchka (to the brain)

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3
Q

What is the correct caliber placement when measuring the ventricles?

A

On to on

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4
Q

Describe the most common cranial anomaly

A

Hydrocephalus, increase in CSF that enlarges the ventricles, usually due to obstruction

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5
Q

What is true hydrocephalus vs ventriculomegaly?

A

True is due to CSF obstruction, ventriculomegaly is due to brain atrophy

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6
Q

What is the upper limit of normal for the ventricles?

A

10mm

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7
Q

What is dangling choroid?

A

An abnormality

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8
Q

What 3 other abnormalities are usually present with hydrocephalus?

A

Obliterated cisterna magna, banana sign, lemon sign

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9
Q

What is Dandy Walker Malformation?

A

Enlarged cisterna magna with defect in the vermis

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10
Q

What is agenesis of the corpus callosum associated with?

A

DWM

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11
Q

What is the upper limit of normal for the cisterna magna?

A

10mm

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12
Q

What is the first clue of agenesis of the corpus callosum”?

A

Absence of the CSP

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13
Q

What are choroid plexus cysts associated with?

A

Trisomy 18

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14
Q

What is a significant CPC measurement?

A

> /= 3mm

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15
Q

What is acrania?

A

No skull

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16
Q

What is anencephaly?

A

No cerebral cortex

17
Q

What is exencephaly?

A

Abnormal cerebral cortex, brain tissue exposed to amniotic fluid

18
Q

What is porencephalic cysts?

A

Brain tissue destroyed by hemorrhage or infarct

19
Q

What is an encephalocele

A

Herniation of the intracranial structures

20
Q

What is schizencephaly?

A

Clefts in the parietal or temporal lobes

21
Q

What is lissencephaly?

A

Smooth brain/no sulci or gyri

22
Q

What is the vein of Galen aneurysm?

A

Seen in the 3rd trimester, a single dilated midline fluid collection in the brain

23
Q

What are the most common brain tumours?

A

Teratomas

24
Q

What is craniosynostoses?

A

Bizarre fusion of the cranial sutures

25
Q

What is dolichocephaly?

A

BPD/OFD=CI
<75
Oval head

26
Q

What is brachiocephalic?

A

CI >85%

Round head

27
Q

What is poor cranial mineralization?

A

If you can see the brain especially well, it may be poor mineralization

28
Q

What are the 3 types of holoprosencephaly?

A

Failure of the forebrain to develop normally
Alobar- minimal mantle, horseshoe shaped ventricle, fused thalami
Semilobar- horseshoe shaped with brain mantle, incomplete fusion of thalami
Lobar- fused anterior horns

Ob Gyne 3 (17 decks)

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