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macOS Support Essentials 12 > Use Metadata, Siri, and Spotlight > Flashcards

Use Metadata, Siri, and Spotlight Flashcards

1
Q

What is metadata?

A

Information stored outside a file or folder that provides additional information about the file or folder.

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2
Q

What are the most basic forms of file and folder metadata?

A
  1. Names
  2. Paths
  3. Modification dates
  4. Permissions
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3
Q

What are some of the common file flags macOS Monterey uses?

A
  1. The locked flag (logs files from changes)

2. The hidden flag (hides the items in the Finder)

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4
Q

What are file system tags?

A

They are types of metadata you use to quickly assign keywords, or “tags” to any item.

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5
Q

Where can you access file-system tags in the user-interface?

A

The Info window in the Finder.

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6
Q

What are the 6 ways in which macOS uses metadata to group the Stacks feature?

A
  1. Kind
  2. Date Last Opened
  3. Date Added
  4. Date Modified
  5. Date Created
  6. Tags
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7
Q

What is the AppleDouble file format?

A

For volumes that aren’t formatted as APFS or Mac OS Extended, macOS stores metadata from the file system in a separate hidden data file. The data retains the original name, but the metadata is saved with a period and underscore (._) before the original name.

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8
Q

How does Siri interpret the meaning of your words in a search with Siri?

A

By translating text to Apple servers

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9
Q

Which 4 Mac computer models support “Hey Siri?”

A
  1. MacBook Pro introduced in 2018 or later
  2. MacBook Air introduced in 2018 or later
  3. iMac Pro
  4. iMac introduced in 2020
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10
Q

How do you use the “Look Up” feature in macOS Monterey?

A

To learn more about a word or phrase, Control-click it, then choose Look Up from the shortcut menu.

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11
Q

How does Spotlight/Siri search services use metadata?

A

It is able to perform wide and deep searches of local items and shared files quickly because it works in the background to maintain highly optimized databases of indexed metadata for each attached local volume.

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12
Q

Where does Spotlight search store its metadata index databases?

A

It is stored at the root level of the volume in a folder named .Spotlight-V100. For the startup volume, the folder is /private/var/db/Spotlight-V100

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13
Q

Where does Spotlight Search store its plug-ins?

A

They are stored in various Library folders. Apple built-in Spotlight plug-ins can be found in both /System/Library/Spotlight and /Library/Spotlight. Third party plug-ins can be found in /Library/Spotlight or ~/Library/Spotlight, depending on who needs access to them.

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14
Q

What are the 7 things you can use Spotlight plug-ins for?

A
  1. Search on basic file metadata
  2. Search on media-specific metadata from picture, music, and video files
  3. Search through the contents of a variety of file types
  4. Search through personal information (contacts and calendars)
  5. Search for correspondence information
  6. Search for information like your favorites or web browser bookmarks and history.
  7. Perform internet searches
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15
Q

How can you create custom metadata for Spotlight?

A

By entering Spotlight comments in the Info and Inspector windows from the Finder

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16
Q

What is a privacy and security concern with Spotlight?

A

Even though Spotlight indexes file and folder permissions on a volume, other users can search the contents of locally attached non system volumes when ownership is ignored on those volumes.

17
Q

Where can you disable Spotlight and Look Up preferences?

A

In Spotlight Preferences in the General pane, by deselecting “Siri Suggestions”

18
Q

What are the three ways you can conduct an Advanced Spotlight Search?

A
  1. At the bottom of a Spotlight search list, click “Search in Finder”
  2. In a Finder window, enter a word or phrase in the Search field
  3. In the Finder, choose File > Find (or press Command-F)
19
Q

True/False: Siri does not require an internet connection to query Apple services to interpret the meaning of your requests

A

False

20
Q

How can you ensure that Siri doesn’t send audio recordings to Apple?

A

You can prevent Siri from sending audio to Apple by dialing Siri, in Siri preferences.

21
Q

Besides disabling Siri, what other 6 features can you adjust from Siri preferences?

A
  1. Select the language that Siri will be expected to understand/respond in
  2. Select the voice that Siri will use to speak responses (disable the voice feedback)
  3. Use the input pane in Sound preferences to select the microphone input that Siri will use to listen for your requests.
  4. Select the keyboard shortcut used to start a Siri request
  5. Delete Siri and Dictation History
  6. Click Siri Suggestions and Privacy to modify how Siri will learn from and use various apps to make suggestions.

macOS Support Essentials 12 (28 decks)

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