Usa Topic 5 - Social Change

Question 1

Describe the changes the music in the 1950s

Answer 1

-birth of rock ‘n’ roll music which gave teenagers music to listen to
- Elvis Presley erupted onto the scene in 1956 with songs such as hound dog
- Parents dislike the music

Question 2

Describe the changes in music in the 1960s

Answer 2

- Beatles and Rolling Stones for influential British groups
- The Beach Boys gain popularity reflected a southern California youth culture of car surfing and Romance
- Parents believe rock and roll music encouraged teenage crime

Question 3

Describe the change the music between 1970 and 2000

Answer 3

- Rap and hip-hop music developed as a product of inner city problems with artists such as Jay-Z becoming popular 
- Disco performer such a Bee Gees became very popular
- Bruce Springsteen became popular as he focused on the struggles of ordinary people

Question 4

Why did cinema become less popular during the interwar years

Answer 4

Due to the growing influence of television

Question 5

What did average cinema attendances fall to from 1946 to 1956

Answer 5

From 90 million to 47 million 

Question 6

What are drive-ins

Answer 6

A large car park with cinema screens that first opened in the 1930s and became popular in the 1950s and 60s

Question 7

What were multiplexes

Answer 7

Made up of two side-by-side theatres and first opened in 1963

Question 8

What was an anti-hero

Answer 8

The main character who lacked traditional heroic qualities
Rose in 1940s and 50s
Played by Marlon Brando

Question 9

What were Blockbusters

Answer 9

Emerged in 1970s
Examples of Jaws by Spielberg and Star Wars by Lucas

Question 10

What percent of households had a television by 1970

Answer 10

96%

Question 11

What was the average amount of television watch by family each day

Answer 11

Six hours

Question 12

Why did the ‘Western’ film become popular

Answer 12

Showed that idealised American west of the 19 century

Question 13

Why did the sale of computers increase

Answer 13

Due to the competition between Apple and Microsoft

Question 14

When was windows launched

Answer 14

1985

Question 15

What is the impact of Windows 98

Answer 15

It included the Microsoft browser which enabled Bill Gates to take advantage of the large growth of the Internet

Question 16

Who developed the first modern game console

Answer 16

Nintendo in the 1980s and named it NES

Question 17

What was the impact of the development of technology on US society

Answer 17

More leisure time of the younger generation was taken up by Internet and gaming not an active lifestyle

Question 18

What was the great American novel

Answer 18

A quest to write a novel defining the meaning of being American

Question 19

What are examples of the great American novel

Answer 19

- To kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee which focused on racial inequality and rape
- Rabbit run by John Updike focused on changes in middle-class

Question 20

What was counterculture

Answer 20

Challenge the traditional conservation of American society

Question 21

What are examples of counterculture

Answer 21

Feminine mystique by Betty Friedan which challenged the traditional role of women
Invisible man by Ralph Ellison highlighted the racial tension in the north

Question 22

What were the changes in youth culture in the 1950s 

Answer 22

There was an emergence of teenage rebellion

Question 23

What was teenage rebellion caused by

Answer 23

Young people having more money due to increasing affluence
Fear of nuclear war male teenagers wanted to enjoy ‘today’

Question 24

What was the effect of youth counterculture

Answer 24

-  Use of illegal drugs increased
- Hair was grown longer and beards became common
- Greater sexual freedom due to contraceptive pill

Question 25

What was the hippy movement

Answer 25

- Some young people protested by ‘dropping out’ of society develop an alternative lifestyle - The use of drugs cause conflict with the police they labelled as ‘pigs’

Question 26

Why does students become involved in student protest

Answer 26

To become involved in the civil rights movement and campaign great freedom of speech and opposing the conflict in Vietnam

Question 27

Why did many students oppose being drafted into the war

Answer 27

Because casualties grew to 14,000 in 1968

Question 28

What was the SDS

Answer 28

A student protest group set up in 1959 by Tom Hayden to give students a greater say in how courses should be run

Question 29

How many women were Employed by 1945

Answer 29

18. 5 million

Question 30

What was the attitude of most employed women after the war

Answer 30

Most women wanted to give up their wartime job to return as mothers and wives

Question 31

How did the role of women change during the 1950s 

Answer 31

A growing number of women began to challenge their traditional role as they became frustrated with being housewives 1.3 million women were at university by 1960

Question 32

How did Roosevelt contribute to the development of women in the 1960s

Answer 32

She made a commission to investigate woman at work and the report showed only 50 to 60% of women were paid the same as men doing the same job

Question 33

How did Betty Friedan contribute to the development of the role of women in the 1960s

Answer 33

She encouraged women to progress and campaign for employment opportunities

Question 34

What was NOW

Answer 34

An organisation set up in 1966 by freedom to challenge discrimination in court unsecured US$30 million in backpay owed to women between 1966 to 1971

Question 35

What was the woman’s liberation movement 

Answer 35

A movement with more radical aims them NOW and wanted all signs of male supremacy to be removed

Question 36

What was the 1963 equal pay act 

Answer 36

Required employees to pay women the same as men for the same job