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History > Elizabethan Topic 5 - The Catholic Threat > Flashcards

Elizabethan Topic 5 - The Catholic Threat Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the reasons for Elizabeth’s early toleration of Catholics

A
  • Elizabeth faced opposition from multiple Catholic nobles when trying to pass the religious settlement of 1559
  • Fear of rebellion
    - The majority of the population was Catholic
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2
Q

What is a recusant

A

An individual who rebelled against Elizabeths religious settlement by refusing to attend church services

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3
Q

What did recusants believe in

A

The Roman Catholic church doctrine and in particular Latin Mass which they were not prepared to compromise

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4
Q

In 1581 how did Elizabeth try and stop recusancy

A

She increased the fine of recusancy to £20 and made it treasonable to convert people to Catholicism

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5
Q

From what year did seminary priests begin to be smuggled into England and Wales from France

A

1574

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6
Q

Who set up the college in Douai, Flanders to train English Catholics for priesthood

A

William Allen in 1568

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7
Q

How many seminary priests were sent to England

A

438

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8
Q

What was the impact of the act of parliament in 1585 to prevent the influence of seminary priests 

A

Seminary priests were ordered to leave England or face being executed

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9
Q

How many Seminary priests were sentenced to death

A

98

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10
Q

What were Jesuits

A

Members of the Roman Catholic missionary order known as ‘the society of Jesus’ which was founded in 1534

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11
Q

What were the role of Jesuits

A

To spread the message that true Catholics should not accept the Elizabethan church

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12
Q

How did the government respond to increasing recusancy

A

Fines increased
Jesuits and seminary priests were ordered to leave the country
Catholics had to stay within a 5 mile radius of there Home

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13
Q

Who was Edmund Campion

A

A Jesuit who was one of the first priests to be sent to England

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14
Q

When did Edmund Campion return to England on a religious mission

A

1580

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15
Q

When was Campion found guilty of treason and executed

A

1581

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16
Q

When did Mary become Queen of Scotland

A

In 1542 - a few days after her birth

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17
Q

Who was Mary Queen of Scots first husband

A

Prince Francis who became king Francis in 1559 - of France

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18
Q

When did Mary return to Scotland

A

1559

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19
Q

Why was Mary arrested in 1567

A

For the marriage of her and Bothwell which was seen as a step too far by the Protestant Lords who rebelled against her

20
Q

When did Mary escape Lochleven Castle and cross into England

A

May 1568

21
Q

What were some of the possible options for how Elizabeth should treat Mary

A

Allow Mary to go to France
Help Mary regain the Scottish throne
Execute Mary
Send Mary back to Scotland

22
Q

What was the cause of the rebellion of the northern Earls

A

The northern earls were upset at Elizabeth’s interference in their land which had been taken over by southern Earls

23
Q

What were the events of the rebellion of the northern Earls

A

In November 1569, 4600 men march into Durham Cathedral and held Catholic Mass
The Queen sent forces led by the Earl of Sussex
The forces caused the earls to retreat and flee to Scotland

24
Q

What was the aftermath of the rebellion of the Northern earls

A

The Earl of Northumberland was captured and beheaded
The Earl of Westmoreland avoided capture but later died in poverty

25
Q

Why did the rebellion of the northern earls fail

A

Poor planning and leadership
Lack of foreign support
Popularity of Elizabeth

26
Q

When was Elizabeth excommunicated

A

1570

27
Q

How did Elizabeth receive the excommunication

A

Through the issuing of a papal ball given by Pope Pius V

28
Q

What was the impact of the papal bull

A
  • The excommunication called upon all royal Catholics to remove Elizabeth from the throne
  • The papal ball gave Catholics permission to plot against the Queen
29
Q

How did the government respond to the papal bull

A

The issuing of the treason act 1571

30
Q

What are the contents of the 1571 treason act

A

It was treasonable to declare Elizabeth as not the rightful Queen
It was treasonable to publish any papal ball
There would be confiscation of Catholic property of those who had fled for at least a year

31
Q

What was the Ridolfi plot

A

A plot by the Catholics with the intent to overthrow the Queen and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots

32
Q

What year was the Ridolfi plot discovered

A

1571

33
Q

Who designed the Ridolfi plot

A

Roberto Ridolfi 

34
Q

Who uncovered the Ridolfi plot

A

William Cecil and Sir Francis Walsingham

35
Q

How was the Ridolfi plot planed to overthrow Elizabeth

A

A Spanish army would land and help English Catholics overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary queen who would then marry the Duke of Norfolk

36
Q

Who were punished for the Ridolfi plot

A

The Duke of Norfolk was sentenced to death
Ridolfi and the Spanish ambassador were expelled from the country

37
Q

Why did Elizabeth refused to execute Mary

A
  • Mary was an heir and her cousin
  • Executing Royal Blood was against gods will
  • Execution could result in action from Spain France or the pope
  • Execution would anger English Catholics
38
Q

When was the Throckmorton plot

A

1583-84

39
Q

What was the plan of the Throckmorton plot

A

The Duke of Guise planed to invade England from the Spanish Netherlands and free Mary from captivity 

40
Q

Who were punished for the Throckmorton plot

A

Throckmorton was executed and Mary was banned from receiving visitors

41
Q

What year was the Babington plot

A

1586

42
Q

How was the Babington plot different from the other plots

A

The plot showed proof of Mary’s direct involvement

43
Q

Who uncovered the Babington plot

A

Sir Francis Walsingham

44
Q

How did Walsingham prove Mary’s involvement

A

Walsingham had been tracking letters sent from Barrington to Mary through beer barrels which had been intercepted and decoded

45
Q

What was Mary found guilty of at her trial

A

’Imagining and encompassing her Majesty’s death’

46
Q

How was Mary execution agreed

A

Elizabeth Secretary William Davidson took the death warrant and gave it to the privy counsellors to pass Mary’s execution without Elizabeth knowing

47
Q

What are the consequences of Mary’s death

A
  • James VI took no action and blamed privy Councellors
  • France took no action as Henry III wanted good terms with Elizabeth
  • Philip II was already planning an invasion, and the execution confirmed his desire

History (25 decks)

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