US History - Period 3 Flashcards
1
Q
The Proclamation of 1763
A
- An order by the British government that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains in an effort to stabilize the western frontier
- Colonists who had bought land out west were upset and blamed the British government
2
Q
Stamp Act of 1765
A
- An act enacted by Parliament that required revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies, such as newspapers, books, and documents
- This law was enacted in an effort to raise funds to support the British military in the colonies and support the debt left from the French and Indian War
3
Q
Declaratory Act of 1766
A
An act that asserted that Parliament had the right to create taxes and make laws for the colonies in all cases whatsoever
4
Q
Actions/demands of the Sons of Liberty
A
- Stamp Act enacted: Sons of Liberty organize to fight the new tax by protesting, boycotting, and becoming violent
- The Boston Tea Party: Sons of Liberty dump English tea into the harbor in protest of the taxes on tea
5
Q
Intolerable Acts of 1774
A
- Port Act: Closed the Boston Harbor
- Massachusetts Government Act: Cancelled Massachusetts Bay Colony charter
- Quebec Act: Offered toleration to French Catholics
- Quartering Act: Forced colonists to house British soldiers
6
Q
Boston Massacre (1770)
A
- British soldiers fire into the crowd
- Sam Adams and Paul Revere used the event to ignite hatred against the British
- John Adams defended the soldiers in court
- Revenue duties lifted
7
Q
First Continental Congress (1774)
A
- Delegates from all colonies (minus Georgia) meet to discuss tensions
- Write “Declaration of Rights” to King George III expressing colonial grievances
- Colonial militias were told to prepare
8
Q
Common Sense by Thomas Paine
A
- Written in January 1776
- Argued for the colonies to become independent states, and to end all political ties with Britain
- Was against common sense for a large continent of colonies to be governed by small, distant island
- Was against common sense for colonists to pledge allegiance to a king whose government was corrupt and whose laws were unreasonable
9
Q
Declaration of Independence
A
- An official act taken by all 13 American colonies in declaring independence from British rule
- Main writer: Thomas Jefferson
- Listed the grievances of the colonists and the things Great Britain has done to them
10
Q
John Locke’s influence on the Declaration of Independence
A
- Inalienable rights -> “Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
- Consent of the governed
- Right to redress/protest
11
Q
Battle of Bunker Hill
A
- The first major battle of the American Revolution
- The Americans claimed victory, citing that they had caused heavy losses to the British side
12
Q
Battle of Saratoga
A
- A turning point for the Americans during the American Revolution
- They defeated the British during Saratoga and convinced France to provide open aid to their fight
13
Q
Battle of Trenton
A
- Washington surprised and captured a garrison of sleeping German Hessians
- Raised the morale of his army
- Set the stage for the victory at Princeton a week later
14
Q
Battle of Yorktown
A
- Washington, with the aid of French troops, besieged Cornwallis
- The French Naval fleet prevented British reinforcements from coming ashore
- Cornwallis surrendered
15
Q
Strengths of the Articles of Confederation
A
- Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787
- Land Ordinance of 1785
- Won the American Revolution
