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Global Studies Honors > Iran > Flashcards

Iran Flashcards

1
Q

Background of Iran

A
  • In the Middle East
  • Not an Arab country (do not speak Arabic)
  • Speak Farsi/Persian
  • Main religion is Islam
  • Never was colonized
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2
Q

Alliance with Great Britain

A
  • 1908: Oil is discovered in Iran
  • 1909: British create the Anglo-Persian Oil Company
  • The British government held a majority of the shares from the oil
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3
Q

Iranian Rebellion

A

Iranians rebelled against British presence in their country and their use of their oil in the 1950s

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4
Q

Western reactions to the Iranian Rebellion

A
  • Britain: Workers fled Iran
  • United States: Intervened and supported the Pahlavi family
  • Named Mohammed Reza the “Shah” of Iran
  • Reza was pro-modernization and anti-communist
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5
Q

Why might some Iranians been in favor of the British oil production in their home country?

A
  • Could improve the Iranian economy
  • Allow for Iran to compete with other Western nations
  • Allow for Iran to improve their trade and become more competitive, as oil was very valuable
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6
Q

Why might some Iranians been opposed to the same, and what was their reaction?

A
  • The oil is in Iran, so it rightfully belongs to them and they should profit as well
  • The British should not benefit off of profit from goods that were not theirs
  • Mussadeq gave empty promises (political corruption)
  • Iranian nationalism began to rise and calls for nationalization were made
  • Strikes and riots broke out in the oil fields
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7
Q

How do the British and American reactions differ, and are there any similarities?

A
  • Both British and American intelligence agencies helped restore the Shah to power and arrest Mussadeq
  • British oil workers fled Iran, while the Americans stepped in to support the Pahlavi family
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8
Q

The Shah of Iran

A
  • Real name was Mohammed Reza Pahlavi
  • Power was expanded by the CIA and M16
  • Pro western government
  • Pro oil trade
  • Anti communist
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9
Q

Policies of the Shah

A
  • Promoted a modernized/western living standard
  • People had access to education, careers, fashion choices, social lives, etc.
  • Political freedom was limited by the police; those who opposed the Shah were arrested and physically harmed
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10
Q

Opponents of the Shah

A
  • Young people with traditional values and Muslim beliefs wanted a return to traditional culture and a religious aspect in the government
  • Wanted Ayatollah (Muslim clerics) to have a role in government
  • Ayatollah Khomeini was their exiled voice of leadership
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11
Q

The Shah is Exiled

A
  • The Pahlavi family moves to New York
  • The USA tried to protect the Shah without causing an international crisis
  • The Shah became sick with cancer - the US was “treating his illness”
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12
Q

What rights do women in Iran already have access to?

A
  • Education
  • Voting
  • Being elected into office
  • Certain careers
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13
Q

Islamic Republic

A
  • Official government of Iran
  • A government that enforces the teachings of Islam through a legislative body
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14
Q

Women’s education in Iran

A
  • Women have access to education
  • Schools pre-k through 12th grade are segregated based on sex
  • College is co-ed
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15
Q

Women’s occupations in Iran

A
  • Limited choice of careers
  • Women can be doctors and lawyers
  • Industry and business-based jobs are more restrictive
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16
Q

Women’s elections in Iran

A
  • Women can vote/be elected into office
  • Gained the right to vote in 1963
  • Since the revolution in 1979, many women have been elected into office
  • No female president; highest office held was vice president
17
Q

Women’s social freedoms in Iran

A
  • Women’s social freedoms are limited
  • Women are forced to wear the hijab in all public places
  • Before the revolution, many women wore the hijab
  • The Quran does not require the hijab, but rather suggests it
  • Iranian government is making the decision for them
18
Q

Policies of President Ahmadinejad

A
  • President from 2005-2013
  • Was anti-Semitic and denied the Holocaust
  • Used morality police
19
Q

Holocaust Denial in Iran

A
  • Iranian government denies the Holocaust existed
  • Held a international Holocaust denial convention
  • Reject the legitimacy of the State of Israel
  • Threatens to attack Israel
  • Israel is USA’s closest Middle Eastern ally: attack on Israel is an attack on the USA
20
Q

Iran Nuclear Deal

A
  • 2015 UN committee called 5+1 allows Iran to become a nuclear power
  • No nuclear power, just nuclear energy
  • IAEA will inspect Iran’s nuclear power plants
21
Q

Countries in 5+1

A
  • USA
  • UK
  • China
  • France
  • Russia
  • Germany**
    **Not a permanent member (+1) since they did not win WW1 -> has strong GDP, which allows them involvement
22
Q

Positive reactions to the Iran Nuclear Deal

A
  • Money/profit from giving Iran uranium
  • Quality of life/modernization improve in Iran
  • Iran will be easier to work with/more diplomatic
23
Q

Negative reactions to the Iran Nuclear Deal

A
  • Iran could use the nuclear energy to create nuclear weapons
  • Would then attack Israel or the USA
24
Q
  1. The above quote suggests:
A

The Shah’s power was expanded by the United States and Great Britain

25
Q
  1. Why did the United States become involved in Iran?
A

To take advantage of the oil fields

26
Q
  1. The oil companies in Iran would eventually be owned by:
A

Iran

27
Q
  1. Which group initially benefitted the most from the creation of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company?
A

The British government

28
Q
  1. Mussadeq gained popularity with the claim that:
A

The oil fields were going to terminate poverty

29
Q
  1. The street demonstrations in the reading suggest:
A

The rising popularity of Khomeini

30
Q
  1. Why would the killing of an Ayatollah been significant?
A

The Ayatollahs were leaders in the Muslim world that dominated Iran

31
Q
  1. What was the official reason the United States government received the Shah?
A

The Shah was ill and required treatment

32
Q
  1. The main group in charge of the Iranian Revolution was:
A

The youth

33
Q
  1. Why did the revolutionaries storm the US Embassy in Tehran?
A

The United States was housing the Shah

Global Studies Honors (18 decks)

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