US History - Chapter 5 Flashcards
1
Q
Declaration of Independence
A
- An official act taken by all 13 American colonies in declaring independence from British rule
- Main writer: Thomas Jefferson
- Listed the grievances of the colonists and the things Great Britain has done to them
2
Q
John Locke’s influence on the Declaration of Independence
A
- Inalienable rights -> “Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
- Consent of the governed
- Right to redress/protest
3
Q
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
A
- A set of rules for creating new states for the large territory lying between the Great Lakes and the Ohio River
- It granted limited self-government and prohibited slavery in the territory
4
Q
Battle of Bunker Hill
A
- The first major battle of the American Revolution
- The Americans claimed victory, citing that they had caused heavy losses to the British side
5
Q
Battle of Saratoga
A
- A turning point for the Americans during the American Revolution
- They defeated the British during Saratoga and convinced France to provide open aid to their fight
6
Q
Battle of Trenton
A
- Washington surprised and captured a garrison of sleeping German Hessians
- Raised the morale of his army
- Set the stage for the victory at Princeton a week later
7
Q
Battle of Yorktown
A
- Washington, with the aid of French troops, besieged Cornwallis
- The French Naval fleet prevented British reinforcements from coming ashore
- Cornwallis surrendered
8
Q
Winter at Valley Forge
A
- 1777-1778
- Von Steuben (Prussian) and Washington train troops
9
Q
Strengths of the Articles of Confederation
A
- Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787
- Land Ordinance of 1785
- Won the American Revolution
10
Q
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
A
- No power to collect taxes
- No power to raise and maintain an army
- Unanimous vote needed for amendments
- 9/13 states majority needed to pass legislation
