U.S. Constitution

Question 1

Amend/Change Articles of Confederation

Answer 1

Constitutional Convention 1787

Question 2

A 2 house bicameral legislature created House of Representatives which is based on a states population and the Senate where each state gets 2 reps known as Senators

Answer 2

Great Compromise

Question 3

For every 5 slaves owned, 3 would be counted for determining that states total population which determines that states number of representatives in the House of Representatives

Answer 3

3/5 Compromise

Question 4

Framers of the Constitution did not trust the common man to elect the president. Each state provided w/ electoral votes (# of House of rep members plus 2 senators) electors choose the president

Answer 4

Electoral College

Question 5

They believed in strong central gov’t supported ratification of the Constitution

Answer 5

Federalists

Question 6

They wanted to limit power of gov’t, wanted a Bill of Rights added to Constitution

Answer 6

Anti-Federalists

Question 7

Newspaper articles written to persuade people to ratify (approve) the Constitution

Answer 7

Federalist Papers (1787-1788)

Question 8

Protect individual rights, limit the power of the government. Examples 4th amendment gov must have a warrant to search & seize limits power of the gov

Answer 8

Bill of Rights

Question 9

Divided power equally into 3 separate branches, prevents 1 branch from becoming too powerful

Answer 9

Separation of Powers

Question 10

Interprets the laws, chief justice presides over impeachment trial of the president, can settle disputes involving the U.S., can settle disputes between the states

Answer 10

Judicial Branch

Question 11

Supreme court can declare laws “unconstitutional” as a result of Marbury vs. Madison (Chief Justice John Marshall)

Answer 11

Judicial Review

Question 12

Makes the laws, Congress declares war, can override a presidents veto w/ a 2/3 vote

Answer 12

Legislative Branch

Question 13

Carries out laws, examples of other powers: commander in chief, chief diplomat (represents U.S. in foreign affairs), negotiate treaties (senate approves), nominate supreme court justices

Answer 13

Executive Branch

Question 14

Divided power equally into 3 separate equal branches, prevents 1 branch from becoming too powerful (avoid tyranny)

Answer 14

Checks and Balances

Question 15

A division of powers between federal and state governments

Answer 15

Federalism

Question 16

Declare war, coin $, maintain army, regulated interstate trade, make all laws which are necessary & proper

Answer 16

National (enumerated) aka Delegated Powers

Question 17

Enforce laws, collect taxes, establish courts, maintain safely

Answer 17

Shared (Concurrent Powers)

Question 18

Establish schools, regulate marriages, regulates interstate trade, assume powers not given to the national gov’t

Answer 18

State (reserved)

Question 19

Change the constitution/ allow the Constitution to meet the changing needs of society, Allows constitution to be flexible, 1st 10 amendments are the bill of rights, 1st amendment- freedom of speech, press, religion, assemble, petition

Answer 19

Amendment

Question 20

“Necessary & proper” clause, gov’t can create any power it needs A.K.A. implied power

Answer 20

Elastic Clause

Question 21

Introduction to the Constitution, states the goals of the U.S. govt, What are the 1st three words of the Constitution? We the people, What does this mean? Power comes from the people (consent of the governed)

Answer 21

Preamble

Question 22

People elect representatives to serve as their voice in govt

Answer 22

Republican Government

Question 23

In this supreme court case (1803) Chief Justice Marshall established the power of judicial review Supreme Court has the power to interpret the constitution & declare laws unconstitutional

Answer 23

Marbury vs. Madison

Question 24

Special interest groups hire these people to influence legislation passed by Congress for example powerful business groups that use their money to influence the laws that the federal government makes. Also part of the unwritten constitution

Answer 24

Lobbying

Question 25

Raise money through taxes, create a national bank, promote protective tariffs, plan to get countries finances in order and create a stable currency

Answer 25

Alexander Hamilton’s Financial Plan

Question 26

In this Supreme Court case the decision: upheld the U.S. govts ability to have a National Bank. Impact: Federal govt has supremacy over states laws (limited state’s rights)

Answer 26

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Question 27

Speech that said the U.S. should avoid permanent alliances and said the U.S. should stay Neutral

Answer 27

George Washington’s Farewell Address

Question 28

Items not written in our constitution but that have become permanent facets of our government. For example: cabinet, judicial review, political parties

Answer 28

Unwritten Constitution

Question 29

Supreme Court Judge under John Adams and Thomas Jefferson who increased the power of the federal government

Answer 29

John Marshall