US Civil Rights Flashcards
When was the ballot initiative where that outlawed Affirmative action
1996, California
In 2022, what was the median income of a white household vs a black household
250k vs 24k
Which case stated that how many years from now, affirmative action would no longer be necessary
Gutter v bollinger 2003, 25 years
As of 2924, what was the affirmative action being replaces with - how many states have banned this
Diversity equity and inclusion - 9 states banned its use in employment processes
Which Supreme Court case rejected affirmative action in college admissions
Students for fair admissions v Harvard 2003
What did the 1965 voting rights act say
States determine how voting takes place but not when
What does the pre clearance formula mean
A state that wants to drastically change how voting is done in their state must clear it with the fed gift first (under the voting rights act)
When was the vra deauthorised for the next 25 years
2006 congress / president bush
When was the pre clearance formula deemed unconstitutional in which Supreme Court case
2013 Shelby county v holder
In 2020 what % of white voters voted v black voters
71% v 58%
Run up to 2016 election - how many states introduced voter ID - how of those how many have a high proportion of black voters
9 - 6
As of 2021, how many states have some sort of ID requirement
36
By when an estimated how many Americans lost right to vote due to criminal convictions
6 million by 2016
How many African Americans have lost their right to vote (how many times higher than for all Americans
1 in 13 - 4 times higher
In Florida, what is the average waiting time for white voters vs African American voters
20mins v 1hr and 20mins (things like more poll stations in white areas)
In 2024, how many states have felony convictions laws that prevent voting
48
How many states have laws that may prevent convicted criminals from ever regaining their right to vote
9
In Kentucky, what is the % of disenfranchised black felons vs adult felons of all races
26% vs 9%
When did the house of reos pass what to do with voting
2019, voting rights bill, all but one rep refused to support it
In 2017 what was trumps cabinet like
All white
How many months post Dobbs decision, how many states had banned abortion or were likely to do so
6 months, 24 states
As of July 2024, abortion was illegal/ restricted in how many states
25
Of people aged what to what in a survey by who, how many said they disagreed with Dobbs decision
18 to 40 - over 80% said they at least somewhat disagreed with around 45% saying strongly disagree. Gen forward survey
April 2025- what bill on voting was passed through the house of reps
Safeguard American voter eligibility act (save act)
