Feminism Flashcards
How do feminists agree on social construction of human nature? Evidence?
Most agree it isn’t biologically fixed, instead shaped by social/cultural forces
De Beauvoir - ‘one is not born but rather becomes a woman’
Rowbotham - human nature shaped by capitalism
How do radicals disagree over the social construction of human nature? Evidence? What about post modern.
Male aggression of deep roots suggests a more fixed view of human nature (millet)
Post modern - bell hooks rejects any singular definition of human nature (different for each person)
Ain’t I a woman
How do feminists agree over the patriarchy and human nature?
It distorts human nature as it suppresses womens full development
De Beauvoir - otherness
Hooks - agrees but also racism and class
How do liberal/socialts feminists disagree over the patriarchy and human nature? (How to fix it) Evidence
More optimistic about human nature so reform because it’s mess deep rooted
Friedan and anti discrimination campaigns
How do radicals disagree over human nature and how to fix the patriarchy? Evidence?
Millet - value deep rooted and people ineternalise gender from birth, so a ‘revolution of consciousness’ is needed
How do feminists agree over the economy bring the site v cause of inequality? Evidence?
Agree it’s the site because it’s exploited womens labour
Gilman - econ dependence on men is unnatural so restricts potential
De Beauvoir - otherness
Rowbotham - capitalism exploits
How do feminists disagree over the economy being the site v cause of inequality? Evidence?
Differ over what is root cause of economic inequality
Lib - laws and institutions
Freidans anti discrimination campaign laws
Soc - capitalism
Rowbotham - must be overturned
Rad - patriarchy
Millet - economical struggle is a symptom of patriarchy
Post - different women = different exploitation
Bell hooks - ain’t I a woman
In what ways do feminists agree on how to solve the economy? Evidence?
Economic liberation is key to solving equality as women need control
Gilman - promoting autonomy
De Beauvoir - breaking cycle of dependency
Post modern - intersectional economic justice
In what ways do feminists disagree over how to solve the economy. Evidence?
Libs - laws inclusion and equality within current system
Socialists - demand complete overturn of system (revolution - Rowbotham)
Radicals - (millet) change within the family as it is a tool of male dominance
Post - it looking different for every woman should be taken into account
How do feminists agree over the patriarchy in society
Agree it exists
Society constructed around male power, its a deep cultural issue favouring men
De Beauvoir - otherness
How do feminists disagree on the patriarchy in society? Evidence?
Disagree on how it manifests
Libs - unequal access to rights education and opportunity (Friedan and anti discrimination campaigns)
De Beauvoir - women socialised into passivity and submission
Socs x capitalism
Rowbotham - women as the unpaid labour force
Radicals - family
Millet - family is the patriarchy’s ’chief institution’
Post modern - shows up different for each woman
bell hooks ain’t I a woman
How do feminists agree over change and solutions for inequality in society? Evidence?
Agree change necessary, need to tackle deeper issues in culture/ values
Gilman - societal norms could evolve through reason and progress
How do feminists disagree over change and solutions for inequality in society? Evidence?
Liberals - incremental reform through legislation and education
De Beauvoir - one is not born but rather becomes a woman , emphasises gradual approach, socialisation can be changed over time to produce equality
Socs - revolutionary change (Rowbotham - overturn capitalism)
Rad - complete social transformation
Millet ‘revolution of consciousness’
Post - not one singular oath
hooks - community based action
How do feminists agree over the role of the state in the economy? Evidence?
Agree state enables economic equality
Reinforces structures that economically disadvantage women
Gilman - domestic role supported by laws/ institutions that limit economical independence
How do feminists disagree over the states role in the economy? Evidence?
Liberal - state can help by regulating markets and introducing discrimination laws
Gilman - emphasised economic reform, but post moderns say these laws often exclude the marginalised
Hooks - grassroots alternatives
Socialist - state part of capitalism (Rowbotham - overturning capitalism)
How do feminists agree over the role of the state in society? Evidence?
Agree the state has upheld patriarchal values
Millet - state is an enforcer of patriarchal ideology
hooks - state reflected heteronormative values
De Beauvoir - state reinforces domestic roles
In what ways do feminists disagree over the role of the state in society? Evidence?
Liberals - can be good, laws for marriage and representation
De Beauvoir - we can beat limitations through legal and cultural change
Radicals- state inseparable from patriarchal
Millet - ‘codifies male power’ through laws on marriage, sex and violence, etc.
Soc - also say state upholds values
Rowbotham - need a society revolution
Post modern - grassroot level so less state involvement
