Urothelial Carcinoma

Question 1

Three variants of urothelial tumors

Answer 1

Transitional cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma

Question 2

Cigarette smoking is associated with

Answer 2

Transitional cell carcinoma

Question 3

Which cancer is related to schistosome hematobium

Answer 3

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 4

Which tumor is associated with intestinal metastasis

Answer 4

Adenocarcinoma

Question 5

Other risk factors of transitional carcinoma

Answer 5

Industrial chemical exposure—aniline,arylamines
Dye workers
Analgesics
Cyclophosphamide
Radiation

Question 6

Genetic factors related to urothelial cancers

Answer 6

9p deletion
P53

Question 7

Classifications of transitional cell tumor

Answer 7

Urothelial papilloma
Papillary Urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential
Noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma ( low grade to high grade)
Urothelial carcinoma in situ
Infiltrating urothelial carcinoma

Question 8

— ——- - involvement is as so with worst prognosis

Answer 8

Detrussor muscle

Question 9

Clinical features

Answer 9

Painless hematuria
Pyelonephritis

Question 10

Microscopy of infiltrating carcinoma

Answer 10

Tumor cells with nests,sheets,cords or single cells
Atypia
Mitotic figures
Pleomorphism

Question 11

Gross

Answer 11

Papillary or nodular

Question 12

Pathogenesis

Answer 12

Aromatic enzymes and azo dyes

Converted to active carcinogenic metabolite in liver

Conjunction by glocoronic acid

Excreted in urine

Deconjugated by urinary tract by enzymes

Release the active metabolite (hydroxylamine)

Urothelial expose to carcinogen

Urothelial cancer