Renal Cancer

Question 1

Common malignant tumors of kidney

Answer 1

Renal cell carcinoma
Wilma tumor

Question 2

Nephroblastoma is other name of

Answer 2

Wilm’s tumor

Question 3

Most common type of renal cancer

Answer 3

Clear cell cancer

Question 4

Cell of origin of clear cell carcinoma

Answer 4

Pct epithelial cells

Question 5

Cell of origin of papillary carcinoma

Answer 5

DCT epithelial cells

Question 6

Cells of origin of chromophobe renal carcinoma

Answer 6

Intercalated cells of renal collecting ducts

Question 7

Cells of origin of collecting duct carcinoma

Answer 7

Medullary collecting duct

Question 8

Renal cell carcinoma affects poles of kidney, mostly which pole

Answer 8

Upper pole

Question 9

Gross appearance of RCC

Answer 9

Bosselated and may distort the renal outline

Question 10

Cut surface of RCC

Answer 10

Solid
Yellow / gray / white
Areas of haemorrhage
Cystic change
well circumscribed

Question 11

Why cut surface of RCC appear yellow

Answer 11

Due to high lipid content

Question 12

Characteristic invading feature of RCC

Answer 12

Invade renal vein
Can grow as a continuous cord in the inferior vena cava and extend into right atrium

Question 13

Which RCC has psammoma bodies

Answer 13

Papillary tumors

Question 14

Which cancer is also known as Bellini duct cancer

Answer 14

Collecting duct carcinoma

Question 15

Microscopy of clear cell carcinoma

Answer 15

Non papillary
Clear cells - due to glycogen, lipids
Nucleus is centrally located and small
Stroma has branching vasculature

Question 16

Microscopy of papillary tumors

Answer 16

Cuboidal or lour columnar tomor cells arranged in papillary formation
Foam cells common
Psammama bodies seen
Stroma consist of high vasculature

Question 17

Microscopy of chrome ophobe renal carcinoma

Answer 17

Granular cells arranged in solid sheets
Perinuclear halo

Question 18

Microscopy of collecting duct carcinoma

Answer 18

Nests of malignant cells
Prominent fibrotic stroma
Atypical epithelium with a hobnail pattern

Question 19

Chromosomal peculiarity in chromophobe cancer

Answer 19

Hypo diploidy due to multiple loss of chromosomes

Question 20

Clinical features of RCC

Answer 20

Costoverfebral / flank pain
Palpable abdominal mass
Hematuria (most reliable )
Paraneoplastic syndrome

Question 21

Cannon ball pulmonary metastases seen in

Answer 21

RCC
Testicular cancer

Question 22

Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with RCC

Answer 22

Hyper calcemnia(PTH rp)
Cushing’s syndrome
Hypertension(renin)
Polycythemia (due to erythropoietin)
Hepatic dysfunction (increase in bilirubin,ALP)

Question 23

Von hippel Linda u syndrome

Answer 23

Autosomal dominant cancer syndrome

Characters
1. Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma
2. Retinal angiomas
3. Clear cell RCC
4. Pheochromocytoma
5. Cysts in various organs

Question 24

Britt Hogg Dube syndrome

Answer 24

Due to BHD gene
Fibrofolliculomas of skin
Lung cysts
Renal tumors

Question 25

Genetic factors of RCC

Answer 25

VHL syndrome by VHL gene ( clear cell carcinoma)
c MET protooncogene (papillary carcinoma)
Trisomy 7 ( hereditary papillary carcinoma)
Trisomy 7,17,16(sporadic papillary carcinoma)
Britt Hogg Dube syndrome by bhd gene

Question 26

Non genetic risk factors of RCC

Answer 26

Tobacco
Obesity
Hypertension
Estrogen therapy
Asbestos,heavy metals
Polycystic diseases