Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EOR: Family Medicine > Urology/Renal > Flashcards

Urology/Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the foreskin and head of the penis

pain, redness, and a foul-smelling discharge from under the foreskin

A

Balanitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Balanitis Tx

A

topical antifungals BID x 1-3 weeks (clotramazole 1%, miconazole 2%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drugs to avoid in BPH…

A

anticholinergics and antihistamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

BPH Tx to decrease prostate size…

A

finasteride (5 alpha reductase inhibitors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

discharge from the penis or vagina, painful or more frequent urination, cervicitis, PID, lymphogranuloma venereum, or infertility

A

Chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chlamydia Dx?

A

NAAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tx of chlamydia?

A

azithromycin 1 g PO + ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1

or

doxycycline BID x 7 days + IM ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

UTI Tx in pregnancy

A

macrobid 100 mg PO BID x 7 days

OR

Keflex 500 mg BID x 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dysuria, unilateral dull aching scrotal pain that can radiate up the ipsilateral flank

(+) Prehn’s sign

A

epididymitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dx of epididymitis…

A

UA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tx of epididymitis over 35…

A

supportive care + levaquin 500mg QD x 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tx of epididymitis UNDER 35…

A

doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 10 d

PLUS

ceftriaxone 250mg IM x 1 dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

edema + HTN + hematuria + RBC Casts/dysmorphic RBCs + proteinuria 1-3.5 g/day + azotemia

A

Nephritic Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Severe proteinuria > 3.5 g/day

Massive edema

Fatty casts with “maltese cross” sign

Hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipiduria

Oval fat bodies

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MC cause of acute glomerulonephritis…

A

IgA Nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of nephritic glomerulonephritis?

Young males

Hx of URI/GI Infx 24-48 hours ago

A

IgA nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of nephritic glomerulonephritis?

10-14 days after infection - diagnosed with ASO titers and low serum complement - treatment is supportive + antibiotics

A

Post-strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of nephritic glomerulonephritis?

due to SLE, viral hepatitis

A

membranoproliferative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of nephritic glomerulonephritis?

(+) anti-GBM antibodies, dx linear IgG deposits

A

goodpasture’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tx for goodpastures syndrome

A

high dose steroids

plasmapheresis

cyclophosphamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of nephritic glomerulonephritis?

lack of immune deposits (+) ANCA antibodies

A

vasculitis

22
Q

(+) C ANCA

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis / Wegener’s

23
Q

(+) P ANCA + nephritic sxs

A

microscopic polyangitis

24
Q

urinary excretion of > 3 g of protein in a 24-hour urine sample due to a glomerular disorder plus edema and hypoalbuminemia…

A

Nephrotic syndrome

25
Q

MC nephrotic syndrome in non-diabetic adults, a/w malignancy…

A

Membranous nephropathy (immune complex formation in glomerulus)

26
Q

What cause of nephrotic syndrome?

most common cause in kids.

child with sudden onset idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 2 weeks after illness, improves after treatment with corticosteroids.

A

minimal change disease

27
Q

What cause of nephrotic syndrome?

obese patients, heroin, and HIV+ black males.

A

focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

28
Q

Most common secondary causes of glomerulonephritis? (3)

A

Lupus

DM (nephrotic)

Pre-eclampsia

29
Q

Dysuria, urinary frequency, and purulent yellow-green discharge

post-coital bleeding at cervical os

A

Gonorrhea

30
Q

Dx of gonorrhea

A

NAAT of first voided urine

31
Q

Gram negative diplococci on urine Cx

A

gonorrhea

32
Q

Tx of gonorrhea…

A

250 mg IM Ceftriaxone + 1g oral azithromycin

33
Q

Passage of intestine through the external inguinal ring at Hesselbach triangle, rarely enters the scrotum

A

direct inguinal hernia

34
Q

Passage of intestine through the internal inguinal ring down the inguinal canal, may pass into the scrotum

A

indirect inquinal hernia (MC)

35
Q

Gold standard for nephrolithiasis…

A

Non-contrast CT

36
Q

Stones < ___mmm have an 80% chanace of spontaneous passage…

A

5mm

37
Q

Tx for kidney stones 5-10mm

A

elective lithotripsy

38
Q

Tx for kidney stones > 10mm

A

nephrostomy (gold standard) or ureteral stent

39
Q

Unilateral swollen testicle/tenderness with erythema and shininess of the overlying skin, fever/tachycardia

A

Orchitis

40
Q

What is orchitis usually seen in presentation with?

A

epididymitis

41
Q

If no epididymitis, but orchitis, what is often the etiology?

A

mumps

42
Q

Sudden onset of fever, chills, and low back pain combined with urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria

Tender prostate on DRE

A

Prostatitis

43
Q

If prostatitis is suspected, what can happen if prostate is massaged?

A

sepsis

44
Q

Tx of prostatitis in men < 35 yo

A

GC tx

45
Q

Tx of prostatitis in men > 35 yo

A

FLQ or Bactrim x 6 weeks

46
Q

Outpatient Tx of Pyelonephritis

A

cipro/levaquin or bactrim x 1-2 weeks

47
Q

Inpatient tx of pyelonephritis

A

IV FLQ, 3/4th gen ceph, extended spectrum PCN

48
Q

firm, painless, non-tender testicular mass and a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum

A

testicular CA

49
Q

MC type of testicular CA?

A

Seminoma

50
Q

Tumor markers for testicular CA?

A

AFP, b HCG

51
Q

painful, burning, or frequent urination or a discharge from the urethra

Positive leukocyte esterase on urine dipstick or having ≥ 10 WBC/HP

A

Urethritis (G/C)

EOR: Family Medicine (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions