Eye Disorders: Clinical Presentations Flashcards
- eye irritation
- ocular dryness
- tearing
- sagging of eyelid
- increased sensitivity
- outward eyelid
ectroption
- eyelid erythema
- tearing
- eye sensitivity
- inverted eyelid
entropion
Entropion may cause what more serious condition?
+/- corneal abrasion/ulceration
- tearing and signs of infection
- medial canthal (nasal) side of lower lid
+/- purulent d/c
Acute dacrocystitis
-mucopuruluent drainage from puncta w/o signs of infx
chronic dacrocystitis
eyelid:
- crusting, scaling, red rimming of eyelid
- flaking on lashes/lid margins
blepharitis
erythematous, painful, warm nodule/pustule on eyelid
hordeolum
non-tender, localized eyelid welling on conjunctival surface
+/- erythema
chalazion
4 characteristics that differentiate chalazion from hordeolum
larger, firmer, slower growing, less painful
Yellow, slightly elevated nodule on conjunctiva
MC nasal side of sclera
No growth onto cornea
Pinguecula
Elevated, superficial fleshy, triangular-shaped growing fibrovascular mass
starts medially and extends laterally to cornea
Pterygium
Decreased visual acuity
Diplopia with upward gaze
orbital emphysema
anesthesia to anteromedial cheek (infraorbital nerve stretching)
orbital floor fx
Leukocoria
+/- strabismus/nystagmus
retinoblastoma
Bilateral progressive central vision loss
loss of detailed and color vision
central scotoma
Metamorphopsia (straight lines appearing bent)
Macular degeneration
On fundoscopic exam:
- microaneurysms
- cotton wool spots
- hard exudates (yellow, circinate, w. sharp margins)
- blot & dot hemorrhages
- flame hemorrhages
Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy
blot & dot hemorrhages occur due to bleeding into…
deep retinal layer
flame hemorrhages occur due to bleeding into…
nerve fiber layer
On fundoscopic exam:
-neovascularization with vitreous hemorrhage
proliferative diabetic retinopathy
On fundoscopic exam:
- dilated, tortuous arteriole
- moderate narrowing/copper wiring
- severe narrowing/silver wiring
- AV nicking
Mild hypertensive retinopathy
On fundoscopic exam:
hemorrhages
cotton wool spots
hard exudate
microaneurysms
Moderate hypertensive retinopathy
On fundoscopic exam
papilledema hemorrhages cotton wool spots hard exudate microaneurysms
severe hypertensive retinopathy
