Neuro

Question 1

1st line tx of alzheimers…

Answer 1

cholinesterase inhibitors (donepizil, rivastigmine, galantamine)

Question 2

Tx of moderate to severe alzheimers…

Answer 2

Memantine (NMDA receptor antagonist)

Question 3

What drugs should be avoided in alzheimers?

Answer 3

anticholinergics

Question 4

What stroke location?

Amaurosis fugax

Answer 4

carotid/ophthalmic

Question 5

What stroke location?

Aphasia, neglect, hemiparesis, gaze preference, homonymous hemianopsia

Answer 5

MCA (MC)

Question 6

What stroke location?

Leg paresis, hemiplegia, urinary incontinence

Answer 6

ACA

Question 7

What stroke location?

homonymous hemianopsia

Answer 7

(PCA)

Question 8

What stroke location?

Coma, cranial nerve palsies, apnea, drop attach, vertigo

Answer 8

Basilar

Question 9

What stroke location?

Silent, pure motor or sensory stroke, “Dysarthria-Clumsy hand syndrome”, ataxic hemiparesis

Answer 9

lacunar infarct

Question 10

What type of neurocognitive d/o?

Multi-infarct, usually correlated with a cerebrovascular event and/or cerebrovascular disease

Stepwise deterioration with periods of clinical plateaus

Answer 10

Vascular dimentia

Question 11

What type of neurocognitive d/o?

Language difficulties, personality changes, and behavioral disturbances

Answer 11

frontotemporal lobe degeneration

Question 12

What type of neurocognitive d/o?

Gradual, progressive decline in cognitive abilities

Hallucination/delusions

parkinsonian sxs

Answer 12

Lew Body Disease

Question 13

Episodic vertigo, tinnitius, nausea, hearing loss…

Answer 13

Meniere diesease

Question 14

acute onset continuous vertigo, hearing loss.

no neuro deficits

preceded by viral illness

Answer 14

labyrinthitis

Question 15

Vertigo w/out position change

a/w viral illness

no hearing loss/tinnitis

Answer 15

Vestibular neuronitis

Question 16

pattern of inheritance for essential tremor/intention tremor?

Answer 16

autosomal dominant

Question 17

Shaking occurs with simple tasks such as tying shoelaces, handwriting, shaving or simply holding hands against gravity

better with EtOH…

Answer 17

essential tremor

Question 18

1st line for essential tremor

Answer 18

propranolol

Question 19

Prophylaxis for migraines… (3)

Answer 19

beta blockers, CCBs, TCAs

Question 20

Tx for parkinsons < 65 yo

Answer 20

DA agonists… bromocriptine, pramipexole, ropinirole

Question 21

Tx for parkinsons > 65 yo

Answer 21

levodopa/carbidopa

Question 22

What differentiates focal seizures with loss of awareness from absence seizures?

Answer 22

postictal state

Question 23

Tx for focal seizures…

Answer 23

phenytoin, carbamazepine

Question 24

What type of seizure?

brief impairment of consciousness with an abrupt beginning and ending.

patient has no recollection and witnesses commonly miss them

Answer 24

Absence

Question 25

What type of seizure?

LOC –> rigidity –> convulsions/jerking –> postictal

Answer 25

Tonic-clonic

Question 26

What type of seizure?

looks like syncope, sudden loss of muscle tone

Answer 26

atonic

Question 27

What type of seizure?

loss of bodily fxn

jerking in various parts of body

temporary loss of consciousness

Answer 27

clonic

Question 28

What type of seizure?

Extreme rigidity then immediate LOC

Answer 28

Tonic

Question 29

What type of seizure?

Muscle jerking, but not the tonic phase, occurs in the morning

Answer 29

myoclonic

Question 30

Tx for TIA…

Answer 30

ASA, anti-platelet therapy

Question 31

If carotid stenosis > 70% + TIA.. what can be performed?

Answer 31

carotid endarterectomy

Question 32

What type of vertigo?

Sudden onset,

intermittent,

nausea/vomiting,

tinnitus, hearing loss,

nystagmus (horizontal with rotary component)

(+) Dix Hallpike

Answer 32

Central Vertigo