Urology, Gastroenterology, and Andrology Flashcards
what is the trigone formed by?
the two ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice
what is the smooth muscle of the walls of the urinary bladder?
detrusor muscle
what is the fold between the two ureteric orifices?
interureteric fold
what is the apex of the bladder?
the anterior most part
where is the involuntary internal sphincter located?
in the walls of the neck of the urinary bladder
what are the parts of the male urethra?
preprostatic, prostatic, membranous, and spongy
where is the preprostatic urethra located?
in the neck of the urinary bladder
what is found within the prostatic urethra?
the urethral crest, the prostatic sinus, and the seminal colliculus
what is found within the spongy urethra?
the intrabulbar fossa, the navicular fossa, and the urethral glands
where is the navicular fossa found?
in the glans penis
what is the importance of the anorectal flexure?
it is important for fecal continence
what is the penile raphe?
the midline skin fold between the glans penis and the scrotum
what is the scrotal raphe?
the midline skin fold between the penile raphe and the perineal raphe
what is the perineal raphe?
the midline skin fold between the scrotal raphe and the anus
what is the purpose of the spermatic cord?
it suspends the testis in the scrotum
what are the contents of the spermatic cord?
ductus deferens, testicular a, artery of the ductus deferens, cremasteric a, pampiniform plexus (of veins), sympathetic nerve fibers, and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve.
where is the ampulla of the ductus deferens located?
closet to the ejaculatory ducts
what is a deferentectomy/ vasectomy?
the ligation or excision of the ductus deferens through an incision made in the superior scrotum
What are the scrotum?
skin, dartos fascia, dartos muscle
what are the layers of the spermatic cord?
external spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, cremasteric muscle, internal spermatic fascia
what are the layers of the testis?
parietal tunica vaginalis, visceral tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea
what is the purpose of the straight tubule?
they transfer spermatozoa to the rete testis
what are the rete testis?
sinusoidal spaces where the spermatozoa enter the efferent ductules of the epididymis
what are the efferent ductules?
they transfer spermatozoa from the rete testis to the head and body of the epididymis
what is the fascia that surrounds the penis?
the deep fascia of the penis (made of deep perineal fascia)
what does the root of the penis include?
the bulb and crura of the penis, the bulbospongiosus m and the ischiocavernosus m
what does the body of the penis include?
the paired corpus cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, and spongy urethra
what is the glans penis continuous with?
the corpus spongiosum
what is the ventral cylinder of the penile erectile tissue from proximal to distal?
unpaired- bulb of the penis, corpus spongiosum, and the glans penis
what is the dorsal cylinder of the penile erectile tissue from proximal to distal?
paired- crura of the penis, corpora cavernosa
what does the corpus cavernosum house?
the paired deep Artery of the penis
what does enlargement of the prostate gland cause? and when does it often occur?
occurs with increasing age and can impinge the prostatic urethra- impending urination
how can enlargement of the prostate gland and prostatic cancer be determined?
by digital rectal examination
what are the seminal vesicles?
paired elongated structure between the urinary bladder and the rectum
where do the ejaculatory ducts begin?
at the union of the ampulla of the ductus deferens and ducts of the seminal vesicle
what is the duct of the bulbourethral gland?
it conveys bulbourethral secretions to the intrabulbar fossa of the spongy urethra
