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GIGU Final > Pelvic and Perineal Osteology, Arthrology, Myology > Flashcards

Pelvic and Perineal Osteology, Arthrology, Myology Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you actually enter the pelvis?

A

at the pelvic brim

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2
Q

when do you finally have perineum?

A

when you are below the pelvic diaphragm

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3
Q

what does a pelvis look like in males?

A

they have a deeper greater pelvis, a narrower and deeper lesser pelvis, an android pelvic inlet, small pelvic outlet, narrow pubic arch, round obturator foramen, and large acetabulum

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4
Q

what does a female pelvis look like?

A

they have a shallow greater pelvis, a wide and shallow lesser pelvis, gynecoid pelvic inlet, large pelvic outlet, wide pubic arch, oval-shaped obturator foramen, and small acetabulum

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5
Q

what is another name for the pelvic inlet?

A

the superior pelvic aperture

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6
Q

what is another name for the pelvic outlet?

A

the inferior pelvic aperture

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7
Q

what happens when there is a pelvic fracture?

A

it is usually from an MVA; when this happens- usually both the superior and inferior pubic rami on both side will fracture as a result of the impact

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8
Q

what is the fibrocartilaginous disc between the right and left pubic symphyseal surfaces?

A

the interpubic disc

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9
Q

what do the sacrotuberous and the sacrospinous ligaments form?

A

they form the borders of the greater and lesser sciatic foramen

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10
Q

there are 2 different varieties of pelvic fascia. What are they?

A

either membranous pelvic fascia or endopelvic fascia

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11
Q

what two things make up the membranous pelvic fascia?

A

the visceral membranous pelvic fascia and the parietal membranous pelvic fascia

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12
Q

what two things make up the endopelvic fascia?

A

the loose endopelvic fascia and the condensed endopelvic fascia

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13
Q

what are the important measurements obstetrically to determine the capacity of a female to bear a child?

A

pelvic diameters (conjugates)

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14
Q

what does the peritoneum cover in the male pelvis?

A

the superior and lateral aspects of the urinary bladder and rectum

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15
Q

what does the peritoneum cover in the female pelvis?

A

the superior and lateral aspects of the urinary bladder, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries, and rectum

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16
Q

what is the peritoneum that is covering the uterus?

A

the broad ligament of the uterus

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17
Q

what are the three parts of the broad ligament?

A

the mesometrium, the mesovarium, and the mesosalpinx

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18
Q

what is the mesometrium?

A

the part of the broad ligament that is right up against the uterus

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19
Q

what is the mesovarium?

A

the part of the broad ligament that is right up against the ovary

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20
Q

what is the mesosalpinx?

A

the part of the broad ligament that is right up against the uterine tube

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21
Q

what makes up the parietal pelvic fascia?

A

the obturator fascia and the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia

22
Q

what is the obturator fascia lying on?

A

the obturator internus muscle

23
Q

what is the loose endopelvic fascia?

A

fat-filled potential space

24
Q

what forms the walls of the pudendal canal?

A

the obturator fascia

25
Q

what makes up the tendinous arch of the pelvic fasica in males?

A

the puboprostatic ligament and the rectoprostatic ligament

26
Q

what makes up the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia in females?

A

the pubovesicle ligament and the uterosacral ligament

27
Q

what are the 4 spaces that make up the loose endopelvic fascia?

A

the retropubic space, the paravesical space, the pelvirectal space, and the retrorectal space

28
Q

what is the role of the condensed endopelvic fascia?

A

it is responsible for compartmentalizing the loose endopelvic fascia

29
Q

what makes up the condensed endopelvic fascia?

A

the hypogastric sheath

30
Q

what makes up the hypogastric sheath in males?

A

lateral rectal ligament, the rectovesical septum, and the lateral ligament of the bladder

31
Q

what makes up the hypogastric sheath in females?

A

the lateral rectal ligament, the transverse cervical ligament, and the lateral ligament of the bladder

32
Q

what are the four points of the quadrangular space of the perineum?

A

pubic symphysis, coccyx, and the two ischial tuberosities

33
Q

if a line is drawn between the two ischial tuberosities, how is the quadrangular space divided?

A

into two triangular spaces, the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle

34
Q

what is found within the anal triangle?

A

the ischioanal fossa and the pudendal canal

35
Q

what are the contents of the pudendal canal?

A

the internal pudendal artery, vein, and pudendal nerve

36
Q

what is the role of the perineal membrane?

A

it separates the superficial perineal fascia from the deep perineal fascia

37
Q

what is the perineal body?

A

an irregular fibromuscular mass in the midline- it is the attachment point for the bulbospongiosus muscle, the external anal sphincter muscle, the superficial transverse perineal muscle, and the deep transverse perineal muscle

38
Q

what are the superficial perineal muscles?

A

the superficial transverse perineal muscle, the ischiocavernosus muscle, and the bulbospongiosus muscle

39
Q

what is the innervation of the superficial perineal muscles?

A

deep perineal nerve

40
Q

what makes up the urogenital diaphragm?

A

the external urethral sphincter and the deep transverse perineal muscle

41
Q

what type of muscle is the deep transverse perineal muscle in the female?

A

smooth muscle

42
Q

what type of muscle is the deep transverse perineal muscle in the male?

A

skeletal muscle

43
Q

what is the innervation of the external anal sphincter muscle?

A

inferior rectal nerve

44
Q

what is the internal anal sphincter muscle innervated by?

A

parasympathetic fibers from the pelvic splanchnic nerves

45
Q

what is the pelvis diaphragm made up of?

A

4 muscles: the three levator ani muscles and the coccygeus muscle

46
Q

what are the levator ani muscles?

A

puborectalis m, pubococcygeus m, and iliococcygeus m

47
Q

what are the levator ani muscles innervated by?

A

the nerve to the levator ani muscle (S4), inferior rectal nerve, and branches of the coccygeal plexus

48
Q

what is the coccygeus muscle innervated by?

A

nerve to the coccygeus (S4-S5; branches of the coccygeal plexus)

49
Q

what are the lateral pelvic wall muscles?

A

the obturator internus m and the piriformis m

50
Q

what is the innervation of the obturator internus muscle?

A

the nerve to the obturator internus m

51
Q

what is the innervation of the piriformis muscle?

A

nerve to the piriformis muscle

GIGU Final (15 decks)

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