Pelvic and Perineal Gynecology Flashcards
after child birth, what does the female infant uterus look like?
it has adult proportions (2/3 body to 1/3 cervix) due to maternal hormonal influence
what does the uterus look like before puberty?
it is 1/2 body and 1/2 cervix
what does the uterus look like during puberty?
the body of the uterus returns again to 2/3 size until menopause
what is the internal os of the uterus?
the passage from the uterine cavity to the cervical canal
what is the external os of the uterus?
the inferior opening of the cervical canal into the vagina
cervical cancer used to be the leading cause of death in north america until what?
the advent of the pap smear
what are the layers of the uterine wall?
the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium
what is a partial hysterectomy?
excision of the uterus (leaves the cervix, uterine tubes, and the ovaries)
what is a total hysterectomy?
excision of the uterus and the cervix (leaves the uterine tubes and the ovaries)
what is a radical hysterectomy?
excision of everything
what are the gubernaculum remnants in females?
round ligament of the uterus and the ligament of the ovary
what portion of the gubernaculum is the round ligament of the uterus?
lower portion
what portion of the gubernaculum is the ligament of the ovary?
upper portion
where is the transverse cervical ligament found?
condensed endopelvic fascia
what is the uterosacral ligament made up of?
parietal membranous pelvic fascia
what are the parts of the uterine tubes?
infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and uterine part
what are the different parts of the infundibulum?
the abdominal ostium and the fimbriae
what is the one long infundibular fimbria that attaches to the superior end of the ovary?
the ovarian fimbrion
how is ligation of the uterine tubes done?
either abdominally or laparoscopically through the umbilicus and involves ligating the uterine tubes so the oocytes never reach the uterine cavity
what is the female perineum?
a shallow external compartment that contains the female external genitalia
what is the pudendal cleft?
anterior slit between the labia majora
what is the anterior labial commissure?
the junction of the right and left labia majora, anterior to the angle of the clitoris
what is the posterior labial commissure?
the posterior limit of the pudendum
what is the frenulum of the labia minora?
where the labia minora come together posteriorly
what is the body of the clitoris comprised of?
two corpora cavernosa
what is the anterior most junction of the labia minora?
prepuce of clitoris
what extends inferiorly from the glans clitoris?
the frenula of the clitoris
what ligament is associated with the clitoris?
the suspensory ligament of the clitoris
what are the three erectile tissues in a female?
clitoris, right bulb of the vestibule, and left bulb of the vestibule
