Urology and Neurosurgery Flashcards
Medical management of BPH
alpha adrenergic
5 alpha reductase
Treatment of gonococcal urethritis?
ceftriaxone + treat for chlamydia
Treatment of non gonococcal urethritis?
Azythromycin 1 g once only
OR doxy
Regular UTI treatment
TMP-SMX - 3 days
Nitrofurantoin - 7 days
Complicated UTI treatment
Ciprofloxacin up to 3 weeks OR Ampicillin + gentamicin OR Ceftriaxone IV for 2-3 weeks
Recurrent cystitis treatment
TMP=SMX low dose (40/200) 6-12 mo
OR
Nitrofurantoin 100mg
Treatment of recurrent cystitis if related to sex?
TMP=SMX low dose (40/200)
OR
Nitrofurantoin 50mg
Within 2 hours or coitus
Treatment of acute prostatitis?
Ciprofloxacin OR TMP-SMX OR IV gent and amp
Treatment of epididimitis/orchitis?
< 35 ceftriaxone and doxy
> 35: orfloxacin
Treatment of pyelonephritis
Ciprofloxacin + IV ceftriaxone
Causes of UTI
E.Coli
Klebsiella
Proteus
Pseudomonas
Medical management of kidney stone
IVF
NSAID
Alpha blockers
Acute management of obstructing kidney stone or endangered patient?
1st line: stent insertion via cystoscopy
2nd line: percutaneous nephrostomy
Which stones do you medically management
< 5mm kidney stone
< 10 mm ureteric stone
Treatment of kidney stones that aren’t getting better with conservative management
< 2mm > 2mm
< 2mm Shock Wave Lithotripsy
> 2mm Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Treatment of ureteric stone > 10 mm?
First line: ESWL
Second line PCNL
Treatment of bladder stones that dont pass?
cystolitholapaxy
Dietary management to minimize kidney stones?
Reduce animal protein
Reduce oxalate
Reduce sucrose and fructose
Reduce high dose vitamin C
Key investigation features of a calcium stone?
On KUB
Radio-opaque
Specific management of calcium stone?
Fluids > 2L/day
Increase citrate in diet, weight loss
Thiazide
Potassium citrate
Specific management of uric acide stone?
Alkalization of urine to pH 6.5 - 7 with potassium citrate or sodium bicarb
+/- allopurinol
