Orthopaedics Flashcards
Which nerves are at risk of damage secondary to shoulder dislocation?
Axillary nerve
Brachial plexus
What tests are used to tests for supraspinatus?
Painful arch
Empty can test
What does supraspinatus do?
Abduct shoulder
What does subscapularis do?
Adduct
Internal rotation
What tests are used to tests for subscapularis?
Lift off test
What does teres minor do?
External rotation
What does infraspinatus do?
External rotation
When to treat rotator cuff tears?
Severe / impigement/ refractory to physio
What is the indication for operating on a clavicle #?
Displaced
What are the phases of adhesive capsulitis?
Freeze –> frozen –> Thaw –> return to motion
How do you treat adhesive capsulitis in the frozen phase?
Physio
NSAID
Subacromial steroid injection
How to manage non displaced proximal humerus fracture?
Sling
ROM in 14 days
How to manage a minimally displaced proximal humerus fracture?
Closed reduction
ROM in 2 weeks
What is at risk of injury in a proximal humerus fracture?
Axillary Nerve
Post-circumflex artery
What is at risk of injury in a mid shaft humerus fracture?
Radial nerve
- wrist drop
- thumb extension
What is at risk of injury in a suprachondylar fracture?
Brachial artery and nerve
Medial nerve
What’s tennis elbow?
Lateral
Extensor tendon pain
THE T’s
What is the treatment of a scaphoid fracture?
Thumb SPICA 4 weeks
The short arm cast
What is the injury in a nursemaid’s elbow injury?
Subluxation of radial head
What is the treatment of a nursemaids elbow?
Pronation and flexion
Pressure on radial head
Supinate wrist
Flex wrist
What happens in a Colle’s Fracture?
Distal radial fracture with dorsal displacement
How do you manage a Colle’s Fracture?
Traction to extend/exaggerate injury
Ulna deviation
Pronation
Flexion
How do you place the wrist cast for colle’s fracture?
Wrist cast palmar flexion and ulnar deviation for 6 weeks
What is a MOnteggia #?
Ulnar #
Radial head dislocation
What is a Galleazia #?
Distal radial #
DRUJ disruption
Tibial stress fracture vs Shin Splints (mid tib)
Worse over weeks
v.s.
Worse over 1 - 2 days
Commonest cause of ACL tears?
OA
What happens in a Achiles tendon tear?
Unable to plantar flex
Cant do single toe raise
Plantar fasciitis is worse in the ________
While Fat pad atrophy is worse throughout _____
morning
day
5th Metatarsal fracture?
Ulnar gutter splint 4-6 w
What does Lachman’s test test for?
ACL tear
When to do a knee XRAY?
> 55 yo Tender head fibula Tender patella Can't flex 90 degrees Cant WB
When to do an ankle XRAY?
Malleolar pain \+ Can't WB OR Tender over post edge lateral malleolus OR Tender over post edge medial malleolus
When to do a knee XRAY?
Mid foot pain \+ Can't WB OR Tender over navicular OR Tender over fifth MT
