Orthopaedics

Question 1

Which nerves are at risk of damage secondary to shoulder dislocation?

Answer 1

Axillary nerve

Brachial plexus

Question 2

What tests are used to tests for supraspinatus?

Answer 2

Painful arch

Empty can test

Question 3

What does supraspinatus do?

Answer 3

Abduct shoulder

Question 4

What does subscapularis do?

Answer 4

Adduct

Internal rotation

Question 5

What tests are used to tests for subscapularis?

Answer 5

Lift off test

Question 6

What does teres minor do?

Answer 6

External rotation

Question 7

What does infraspinatus do?

Answer 7

External rotation

Question 8

When to treat rotator cuff tears?

Answer 8

Severe / impigement/ refractory to physio

Question 9

What is the indication for operating on a clavicle #?

Answer 9

Displaced

Question 10

What are the phases of adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 10

Freeze –> frozen –> Thaw –> return to motion

Question 11

How do you treat adhesive capsulitis in the frozen phase?

Answer 11

Physio
NSAID
Subacromial steroid injection

Question 12

How to manage non displaced proximal humerus fracture?

Answer 12

Sling

ROM in 14 days

Question 13

How to manage a minimally displaced proximal humerus fracture?

Answer 13

Closed reduction

ROM in 2 weeks

Question 14

What is at risk of injury in a proximal humerus fracture?

Answer 14

Axillary Nerve

Post-circumflex artery

Question 15

What is at risk of injury in a mid shaft humerus fracture?

Answer 15

Radial nerve

• wrist drop
• thumb extension

Question 16

What is at risk of injury in a suprachondylar fracture?

Answer 16

Brachial artery and nerve

Medial nerve

Question 17

What’s tennis elbow?

Answer 17

Lateral
Extensor tendon pain

THE T’s

Question 18

What is the treatment of a scaphoid fracture?

Answer 18

Thumb SPICA 4 weeks

The short arm cast

Question 19

What is the injury in a nursemaid’s elbow injury?

Answer 19

Subluxation of radial head

Question 20

What is the treatment of a nursemaids elbow?

Answer 20

Pronation and flexion
Pressure on radial head
Supinate wrist
Flex wrist

Question 21

What happens in a Colle’s Fracture?

Answer 21

Distal radial fracture with dorsal displacement

Question 22

How do you manage a Colle’s Fracture?

Answer 22

Traction to extend/exaggerate injury
Ulna deviation
Pronation
Flexion

Question 23

How do you place the wrist cast for colle’s fracture?

Answer 23

Wrist cast palmar flexion and ulnar deviation for 6 weeks

Question 24

What is a MOnteggia #?

Answer 24

Ulnar #

Radial head dislocation

Question 25

What is a Galleazia #?

Answer 25

Distal radial # | DRUJ disruption

Question 26

Tibial stress fracture vs Shin Splints (mid tib)

Answer 26

Worse over weeks v.s. Worse over 1 - 2 days

Question 27

Commonest cause of ACL tears?

Answer 27

OA

Question 28

What happens in a Achiles tendon tear?

Answer 28

Unable to plantar flex | Cant do single toe raise

Question 29

Plantar fasciitis is worse in the ________ | While Fat pad atrophy is worse throughout _____

Answer 29

morning | day

Question 30

5th Metatarsal fracture?

Answer 30

Ulnar gutter splint 4-6 w

Question 31

What does Lachman's test test for?

Answer 31

ACL tear

Question 32

When to do a knee XRAY?

Answer 32

``` > 55 yo Tender head fibula Tender patella Can't flex 90 degrees Cant WB ```

Question 33

When to do an ankle XRAY?

Answer 33

``` Malleolar pain + Can't WB OR Tender over post edge lateral malleolus OR Tender over post edge medial malleolus ```

Question 34

When to do a knee XRAY?

Answer 34

``` Mid foot pain + Can't WB OR Tender over navicular OR Tender over fifth MT ```