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MCCEE > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Which diagnostic preparation can help distinguish eczema from a tinea infection?

A

KOH prep

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2
Q

What is the risk of using too many steroids on the skin?

A

Skin atrophy

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3
Q

What type of reaction is atopic dermatitis?

A

Type IV hypersensitivity

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4
Q

What are common causes of atopic dermatitis?

A

poison ivy
nickel
topical abx

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5
Q

What type of allergy is latex?

A

Type I hypersensitivity

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6
Q

What is seborrheic dermatitis?

A

Chronic inflammatory to Malassezia furfur

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7
Q

What is the treatment of seberrhoic keratosis?

A

Selenium sulfide or zinc pyrithione shampoos

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8
Q

What is stasis dermatitis?

A

Lower extremity dermatitis due to venous HTN

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9
Q

What is the treatment of venous stasis?

A

Leg elevation
Compression stockings
Emollients
Topical steroids

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10
Q

What is the Koebner phenomenon?

A

Trauma from psoriasis

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11
Q

What is Auspitz sign?

A

Pinpoint bleeding when a psoriasis scale is scraped

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12
Q

Histogically what is seen in a psoriasis biopsy?

A 
Thick epidermis 
Elongated rete ridges 
Absent granular cell layer 
Preservation of nuclei in the stratum corneum 
Sterile neutrophilic infiltrate
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13
Q

How do you treat psoriasis -
Mild?
Severe form?

A

Steroids topical

Methotrexate
anti TNF
UV light therapy if very severe

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14
Q

What causes urticaria?

A

Histamine and PG from mast cells in a Type I hypersensitivity

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15
Q

What is the treatment of urticaria?

A

systemic antihistamines

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16
Q

When does a drug eruption happen?

A

7-14 days after exposure.

If it occurs within 1-2 days of starting a new drug it is likely not the causative agent

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17
Q

What are the characteristic lesions of erythema multiforme?

A

Targenoid lesions

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18
Q

What is Stevens-Johson Syndrome?

A

Life threatening exfoliative mucocutaneous disease

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19
Q

What is the difference between SJS and TEN?

A

Epidermal seperation < 10% SJS BSA

Epidermal seperation > 30% TEN BSA

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20
Q

In which illness is Nikolsky sign positive?

A

SJS

TEN

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21
Q

What are some causes of SJS?

A 
Penicillin 
Sulfonamide 
Seizure medication 
Allopurinol 
Cephalosporins 
Radiotherapy
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22
Q

What is erythema nodosum caused by?

A

Infection: streptococcus, coccidiodes, yersinia, TB

Drug reaction: OCP, abs, sulfonamide

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23
Q

Which number is oral herpes?

A

HSV-1

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24
Q

Which number is oral herpes?

A

HSV-2

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25
Q

What is the treatment ofHSV?

A

Acyclovir

26
Q

No multinucleate giant cells on Tzanck smear?

A

Tzanck goodness it’s not herpes

27
Q

What is the incubation period of VZV?

A

10-20 days

28
Q

When does VZV become contagious ?

A

24 hours before the eruption appears

29
Q

What are some complications of VZV?

A

Pneumonia

Encephalitis

30
Q

What is molluscum contagiosum caused by?

A

Poxvirus

31
Q

How does molluscum contagiosum present?

A

Flesh coloured
Dome shaped
Wax papule

32
Q

What is the treatment of molluscum contagiosum?

A

Curettage
Freezing
Trichloroacetic acid

33
Q

Which forms of HPV can progress into squamous malignancies?

A

16 and 18

34
Q

Which infection is caused by group A strep and staph?

A

Impetigo

35
Q

What is impetigo?

A

Infection of the epidermis

36
Q

Symptoms of Necrotising Fasciitis

A

Erythema rapidly spreading over the course of hours-days
Pain and swelling

Necrosis: gas production, putrid discharge, bull, pain

37
Q

Treatment of Necrotising Fasciitis

A

Surgical emergency : surgical debridement

Abx: penicillin G

38
Q

Which organism causes hot tub folliculitis?

A

Pseudomonas

39
Q

What is the treatment of mild to moderate acne?

A

topical retinoid

Topical benzoyl peroxide

40
Q

Moderate to severe acne treatment?

A

Abx

if all treatment have failed: oral retinoid

41
Q

What is the presentation of tinea versicolor

A

Hypo pigmentation
Varying colour
Chest and back

42
Q

What does a KOH prep of tinea versicolor reveal?

A

spagetthi and meatballs

43
Q

What is seen on biopsy of SJS?

A

Full thickness eosinophilic epidermal necrolysis

44
Q

Treatment of vitiligo?

A

Sun avoidance/protection
Topical calcineurin inhibitor
PUVA NB UVB

45
Q

What does HSV look like on Tzanck smear?

A

Multinucleated giant cells

46
Q

Most accurate way to diagnose HSV?

A

viral culture or PCR

47
Q

What is the treatment of molluscum contagiosum?

A

Cantharidin
Cryotherapy
Currettage and freezing

Self limiting, can take 1 - 2 years to resolve

48
Q

What is the first line treatment of warts?

A

Salicylic acid prep
Cryotherapy
Topical cantharone

49
Q

What is the second line treatment of warts?

A

Topical imiquamode
5-fluorouracil
podophyllotoxin

50
Q

What is the 3rd line treatment of warts?

A

Currettage
Cautery
Surgery for non plantar
CO2 lazer

51
Q

What is the first line treatment of warts?

A

Salicylic acid prep
Cryotherapy
Topical cantharone

52
Q

What is the second line treatment of warts?

A

Topical imiquamode
5-fluorouracil
podophyllotoxin

53
Q

What is the 3rd line treatment of warts?

A

Currettage
Cautery
Surgery for non plantar
CO2 lazer

54
Q

Treatment of impetigo?

A

Mupirocin 2% cream
Fusinic acid
All this 7-10 days after resolution

55
Q

Treatment of tinea capitis?

A

Terbinafine

56
Q

Clinical signs of tinea capitis?

A

Round scaly patches of alopecia

57
Q

What is the pathophysiology of actinic keratosis?

A

UV radiation damages keratinocytes

UV induced p53 mutation

58
Q

Treatment of scabies

A

Permethrin 5% from the next down x2 treatment 1 week apart
Wash underwear/linen x2 in hot water cycle and machine dry
Treat family and close contact

59
Q

Treatment of Lice

A

Permethrin 1%
Comb hair with dilute vinegar solution to remove nits
Repeat in 7 days
Shave hair, change clothes, wash and machine dry

60
Q

Treatment of actinic keratosis?

A

Destruction:
- cryotherapy, electrodessication, curettage

Pharmacotherapy topical

  • topical 5FU cream
  • Imiquimod 5%

If refractory to treatment: biopsy

61
Q

What does actinic keratosis look like?

A

Scaly plaques on sun damaged areas

62
Q

At what age to infantile hemangioma’s disappear?

A

9mo to 1 yo

MCCEE (16 decks)

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