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Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Which diagnostic preparation can help distinguish eczema from a tinea infection?

A

KOH prep

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2
Q

What is the risk of using too many steroids on the skin?

A

Skin atrophy

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3
Q

What type of reaction is atopic dermatitis?

A

Type IV hypersensitivity

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4
Q

What are common causes of atopic dermatitis?

A

poison ivy
nickel
topical abx

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5
Q

What type of allergy is latex?

A

Type I hypersensitivity

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6
Q

What is seborrheic dermatitis?

A

Chronic inflammatory to Malassezia furfur

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7
Q

What is the treatment of seberrhoic keratosis?

A

Selenium sulfide or zinc pyrithione shampoos

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8
Q

What is stasis dermatitis?

A

Lower extremity dermatitis due to venous HTN

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9
Q

What is the treatment of venous stasis?

A

Leg elevation
Compression stockings
Emollients
Topical steroids

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10
Q

What is the Koebner phenomenon?

A

Trauma from psoriasis

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11
Q

What is Auspitz sign?

A

Pinpoint bleeding when a psoriasis scale is scraped

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12
Q

Histogically what is seen in a psoriasis biopsy?

A 
Thick epidermis 
Elongated rete ridges 
Absent granular cell layer 
Preservation of nuclei in the stratum corneum 
Sterile neutrophilic infiltrate
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13
Q

How do you treat psoriasis -
Mild?
Severe form?

A

Steroids topical

Methotrexate
anti TNF
UV light therapy if very severe

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14
Q

What causes urticaria?

A

Histamine and PG from mast cells in a Type I hypersensitivity

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15
Q

What is the treatment of urticaria?

A

systemic antihistamines

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16
Q

When does a drug eruption happen?

A

7-14 days after exposure.

If it occurs within 1-2 days of starting a new drug it is likely not the causative agent

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17
Q

What are the characteristic lesions of erythema multiforme?

A

Targenoid lesions

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18
Q

What is Stevens-Johson Syndrome?

A

Life threatening exfoliative mucocutaneous disease

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19
Q

What is the difference between SJS and TEN?

A

Epidermal seperation < 10% SJS BSA

Epidermal seperation > 30% TEN BSA

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20
Q

In which illness is Nikolsky sign positive?

A

SJS

TEN

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21
Q

What are some causes of SJS?

A 
Penicillin 
Sulfonamide 
Seizure medication 
Allopurinol 
Cephalosporins 
Radiotherapy
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22
Q

What is erythema nodosum caused by?

A

Infection: streptococcus, coccidiodes, yersinia, TB

Drug reaction: OCP, abs, sulfonamide

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23
Q

Which number is oral herpes?

A

HSV-1

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24
Q

Which number is oral herpes?

A

HSV-2

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25
What is the treatment ofHSV?
Acyclovir
26
No multinucleate giant cells on Tzanck smear?
Tzanck goodness it's not herpes
27
What is the incubation period of VZV?
10-20 days
28
When does VZV become contagious ?
24 hours before the eruption appears
29
What are some complications of VZV?
Pneumonia | Encephalitis
30
What is molluscum contagiosum caused by?
Poxvirus
31
How does molluscum contagiosum present?
Flesh coloured Dome shaped Wax papule
32
What is the treatment of molluscum contagiosum?
Curettage Freezing Trichloroacetic acid
33
Which forms of HPV can progress into squamous malignancies?
16 and 18
34
Which infection is caused by group A strep and staph?
Impetigo
35
What is impetigo?
Infection of the epidermis
36
Symptoms of Necrotising Fasciitis
Erythema rapidly spreading over the course of hours-days Pain and swelling Necrosis: gas production, putrid discharge, bull, pain
37
Treatment of Necrotising Fasciitis
Surgical emergency : surgical debridement | Abx: penicillin G
38
Which organism causes hot tub folliculitis?
Pseudomonas
39
What is the treatment of mild to moderate acne?
topical retinoid | Topical benzoyl peroxide
40
Moderate to severe acne treatment?
Abx if all treatment have failed: oral retinoid
41
What is the presentation of tinea versicolor
Hypo pigmentation Varying colour Chest and back
42
What does a KOH prep of tinea versicolor reveal?
spagetthi and meatballs
43
What is seen on biopsy of SJS?
Full thickness eosinophilic epidermal necrolysis
44
Treatment of vitiligo?
Sun avoidance/protection Topical calcineurin inhibitor PUVA NB UVB
45
What does HSV look like on Tzanck smear?
Multinucleated giant cells
46
Most accurate way to diagnose HSV?
viral culture or PCR
47
What is the treatment of molluscum contagiosum?
Cantharidin Cryotherapy Currettage and freezing Self limiting, can take 1 - 2 years to resolve
48
What is the first line treatment of warts?
Salicylic acid prep Cryotherapy Topical cantharone
49
What is the second line treatment of warts?
Topical imiquamode 5-fluorouracil podophyllotoxin
50
What is the 3rd line treatment of warts?
Currettage Cautery Surgery for non plantar CO2 lazer
51
What is the first line treatment of warts?
Salicylic acid prep Cryotherapy Topical cantharone
52
What is the second line treatment of warts?
Topical imiquamode 5-fluorouracil podophyllotoxin
53
What is the 3rd line treatment of warts?
Currettage Cautery Surgery for non plantar CO2 lazer
54
Treatment of impetigo?
Mupirocin 2% cream Fusinic acid All this 7-10 days after resolution
55
Treatment of tinea capitis?
Terbinafine
56
Clinical signs of tinea capitis?
Round scaly patches of alopecia
57
What is the pathophysiology of actinic keratosis?
UV radiation damages keratinocytes | UV induced p53 mutation
58
Treatment of scabies
Permethrin 5% from the next down x2 treatment 1 week apart Wash underwear/linen x2 in hot water cycle and machine dry Treat family and close contact
59
Treatment of Lice
Permethrin 1% Comb hair with dilute vinegar solution to remove nits Repeat in 7 days Shave hair, change clothes, wash and machine dry
60
Treatment of actinic keratosis?
Destruction: - cryotherapy, electrodessication, curettage Pharmacotherapy topical - topical 5FU cream - Imiquimod 5% If refractory to treatment: biopsy
61
What does actinic keratosis look like?
Scaly plaques on sun damaged areas
62
At what age to infantile hemangioma's disappear?
9mo to 1 yo

MCCEE (16 decks)

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