Urology Flashcards
hernia - where is the swelling in boys?
groin
risk with hernias under 1 year
incarceration
swelling with hydrocele
scrotal
what increases the hydrocele?
crying
straining
night time
types of cryptorchidism
true
retractile
ectopic
ascending?
Indications for orchidopexy
fertility malignancy trauma torsion cosmetic
1 absolute indication for circumcision
BXO
relative indications for circumcision
balanoprosthitis
religious
UTI
Suggested advantages of circumcision
UTI
malignancy
AIDS
disadvantages of circumcision
painful
bleeding
meatal stenosis
look different
differential diagnosis of acute scrotum
torsion
torsion appendix testis
epididymitis
Why investigate UTI?
prevent renal scarring
prevent HTN
assessing UTI
history and exam
USS
renography
micturating cystourethrogram
2 renography
MAG3
DMSA
MAG3
drainage, function, reflux
DMSA
scarring, function
managing VUR
conservative - fluids, voiding advice, constipation
trimethoprim
STING
ureteric reimplantation
hypospadias
urethral meatus on the ventral aspect of the penis
classification of hypospadias
anterior - 50%
middle - 30%
posterior - 20%
associated anomalies with hypospadias
upper tract
intersex
Investigating and managing hypospadias
US
do not circumcise
surgery
