urology

Question 1

nocturnal enuresis - management

Answer 1

?organic cause - constp, DM, UTI
advise fluids + toilet behaviour
reward charts for good behaviour eg loo before sleep
<7y - alarm
>7y - desmopressin

Question 2

undescended testis - complications

Answer 2

prematurity is a RF

infertility
torsion
testicular cancer
psychological

Question 3

undescended testis - management

Answer 3

orchidoplexy at 1y - moves the undescended testis to the scrotum

Question 4

vesicoureteric reflex - what is it? risks? management?

Answer 4

backflow from bladder to ureter + kidney
predisposes to UTI
risk of renal scarring so look for it following UTI - micturating cystourethrogram
DMSA scan - ?renal scarring