haematology + cancer Flashcards
1
Q
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia - features
A
age 2-5 anaemia - lethargy + pallor neutropaenia - infections high WCC - many immature thrombocytopaenia - bruising + petechiae purpuric rash bone pain - marrow infiltration hepatosplenomegaly - pain testicular swelling
2
Q
ALL - treatment
A
initiation - stay in hospital. chemo infusions +- steroids +- methotrexate +- blood transfusion to make up for cells lost. resloves symptoms + kills leukaemia cells.
consolidation - OP every few months for chemo injection. finishes killing leukaemia cells.
maintenance - chemo tablets - several months
3
Q
prognosis - ALL
A
worst when too young or older adults
q good for lots of children
4
Q
sickle cell - how is it acquired? how detected? what is it?
A
autosomal recessive
screened for at heel prick
unusual shaped RBCs - live shorter, get stuck
5
Q
sickle cell - features
A
painful crises - anaemia++
infections
anaemia - tired + SOB
splenomegaly
