cardio Flashcards
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) - what is it? presentation? RFs?
connection between pulmonary artery (deox) + aorta
acyanotic (unless uncorrected)
RFs - prematurity, maternal rubella
PDA - features - auscultation, palpation, BP, pulse?
listen: continuous machinery murmur
feel: heaving apex beat + left subclavicular thrill
BP: wide pulse pressure
pulse: large volume, bounding, collapsing
PDA - management
indomethacin closes most
if having surgery for another defect, PGE1 to keep duct open till after surgical repair
innocent ejection murmur - characteristics
asymptomatic + no other abnormality
may vary with position
no radiation, diastolic component, thrill or added sounds
soft-blowing murmur in pulmonary area, or
short buzzing murmur in aortic area
what kind of murmur is VSD?
pansystolic
what kind of murmur is ASD?
ejection systolic
± splitting of S2
features of HF in kids
SOB, tachypnoea, sweating tachycardia + weak pulses low weight + feeding (clammy) hepatomegaly acidosis
3 cyanotic congenital heart diseases
TTT:
tetralogy of fallot
transposition of great arteries (TGA)
tricuspid atresia
ASD - when found? key feature? key risk?
adulthood
ejection systolic murmur
embolism from heart causing stroke
E+E - ejection + embolism
VSD - management?
leave alone if small, operate if large
tetralogy of fallot - when present? what causes it?
1-2mo
malalignment of aorticopulmonary septum
tetralogy of fallot - 4 features
pulmonary stenosis
RVH
overriding aorta - allows blood from both ventricles in
VSD
PROV
tetralogy of fallot - main symptom, main exam finding, main imaging finding, general symptoms
cyanosis - right-to-left-shunt. tet spells.
ejection systolic murmur
CXR - boot-shaped heart
general sx HF - feeding/weight, SOB, growth, clubbing
tetralogy of fallot - management
surgical repair in 2 parts
beta blockers for cyanosis
