Urology Flashcards
what age group should participate in shared decision making regarding screening for prostate cancer?
55-69 yo
if a patient has a positive PSA screening for prostate cancer, what is the next step?
repeat PSA test
what is the preferred standard of care for patients with prostate cancer , grade group 1?
active surveillance
what PSA level is considered low risk in a patient who has prostate cancer?
10 or less
if a patient with persistent urethritis or cervicitis has negative initial testing, what should be tested for next?
mycoplasma genitalium
what ddx should be considered when bladder discomfort associated with lower urinary tract symptoms persists more than 6 weeks?
interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome
a patient presents with persistent microhematuria associated with irritative symptoms of pain, urgency and frequency of voiding. what is the most common type of condition that will cause this?
bladder cancer - most common urologic malignancy
a patient with pelvic pain complains of suprapubic discomfort that is lessned at the start ovf voiding and then a stabbing pain at the end of micturition. what are the two most likely diagnoses?
bladder infection or interstitial cystitis
when hematuria is associated with UTI, clinicians should perform what after treatment? why?
repeat UA to confirm resolution of hematuria
what has higher likelihood ratio for UTI? nitrite or LE?
nitrite - increases chance of UTI by 11x
LE - increases chance of UTI by 3.5x
how is recurrent UTI in females defined?
2 infections in the last 6 months or 3 infections in the last 12 months
what is the recommended treatment duration with antibiotics for acute bacterial prostatitis?
2 weeks
what is the preferred antibiotic class to use for chronic bacterial prostatitis? for what duration?
fluoroquinolone : 3-6 weeks
what type of urinary catheters are recommended for intermittent catheterization?
hydrophilic
at what gestational age is induction of labor recommended for late term pregnancy?
42 w GA, can consider at 41w GA
