Ophthalmology

Question 1

a patient presents with ocular pain, headache, and nausea. what eye related disorder would be most likely?

Answer 1

angle closure glaucoma

Question 2

what condition is characterized by a curtain like visual field deficit and usually requires surgical deficit?

Answer 2

retinal detachment

Question 3

painless vision loss in a patient with vascular risk factors raises highest suspicion for what condition?

Answer 3

retinal artery occlusion

Question 4

what condition is characterized in patients older than 50 years with scalp tenderness, jaw claudication and muscle pain?

Answer 4

giant cell arteritis

Question 5

what eye condition is characterized by demyelination, afferent pupillary defect, pain with extraocular movement?

Answer 5

optic neuritis

Question 6

IV methylprednisolone of 1g / day is equivalent to what oral dose of prednisone?

Answer 6

1250mg

Question 7

bilateral vision loss is more likely to be related to what portion of the CNS?

Answer 7

cerebral (posterior to the optic chiasm)

Question 8

severe myopia increases the risk of what other condition that can result in sudden vision loss?

Answer 8

retinal detachment

Question 9

pupil dilation with illumination indicates what?

Answer 9

relative afferent pupillary defect

Question 10

how does glautoma result in vision loss?

Answer 10

increases in eye pressure lead to progressive optic neuropathy

Question 11

an abnormal oblique flashlight test indicates what pathology?

Answer 11

narrow angle - increased risk of glaucoma

Question 12

what is normal intraocular pressure range?

Answer 12

10-21

Question 13

t/f for acute angle closure glaucoma, treatment can consist of topical beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, alpha agonists, prostaglandins, and muscarinic agents

Answer 13

true

Question 14

what is the definitive management for glaucoma?

Answer 14

peripheral iridotomy

Question 15

t/f retinal detachment causes pain

Answer 15

false

Question 16

what is the immediate next step in treatment if you suspect retinal detachment?

Answer 16

ophtho consult

Question 17

what is amaurosis fugax?

Answer 17

transient unilateral vision loss

Question 18

on fundoscopic exam, a cherry red spot is seen at the center of the macula. what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 18

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 19

what type of emergency evaluation is needed for a patient with suspected central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 19

stroke evaluation

Question 20

what three lab markers should you order for a patient with suspected giant cell arteritis?

Answer 20

CRP, ESR, and platelet count

Question 21

if a patient has biopsy confirmed giant cell arteritis, how long do they need oral prednisone?

Answer 21

1-2 years

Question 22

what is the hallmark objective finding on exam of a patient with optic neuritis?

Answer 22

relative afferent pupillary defect on swinging flashlight

Question 23

color desaturation int eh setting of sudden loss of visual acuity and central visual field loss is indicative of what condition?

Answer 23

optic neuritis

Question 24

t/f use of antioxidant vitamin or zinc supplement can delay progression of age related macular degeneration compared to placebo

Answer 24

true

Question 25

you suspect giant cell arteritis. what formulation of steroid should you start treatment with for the first 3 days?

Answer 25

IV methylprednisolone

Question 26

you diagnose a patient with probable central retinal artery occlusion. what is the immediate next step?

Answer 26

emergency consultation with stroke neurologist - IV thrombolysis may be beneficial for select patients in the first 4.5 hrs