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Cell Bio Block 4 > Urogenital System > Flashcards

Urogenital System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are the three kidney systems

A

Pronephros
Mesonephros
Metanephros

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1
Q

The urinary and genital system both develop from what

A

Intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

What is important about the Pronephros system

A

Nothing
Nonfunctional
Gone by fourth week

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3
Q

What is important about the mesonephros system

A

Develops mesonephric/Wolffian duct that excretory tubules run into
In males this will become part of genitalia
Develops mesonephros on medial side (large organ)

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4
Q

Why is the metanephros system important

A

It’s the permanent kidney

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5
Q

Where does the collecting duct system develop from

A

Ureteric bud

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6
Q

What branches form what from the ureteric bud

A

1st= major calyces
2nd, 3rd, and 4th = minor calyces
Subsequent= renal pyramids

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7
Q

The uterine bud overall gives rise to what structures

A 
Ureter
Renal pelvis 
Major calyx
Minor calyx
All collecting ducts and tubules
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8
Q

What is derived from metanephric mesoderm

A

Excretory units

Nephrons

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9
Q

True or false: you are growing more nephrons in childhood

A

False

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10
Q

Wilm’s tumor?

A

It’s a pediatric renal tumor

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11
Q

Potter’s syndrome?

A

Renal agenesis

Lack of formation of a kidney

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12
Q

What are the two forms of congenital polycystic kidney disease

A 
Autosomal recessive (infantile form/ collecting ducts)
Autosomal dominant (adult form/ all of nephron)
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13
Q

How do you get a partial or complete ureter duplication

A

The uteric bud branches too early

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14
Q

What is the main problem with ascent of the kidney

A

It can get caught on umbilical arteries

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15
Q

The cloaca divides into what two parts by the urorectal sinus

A

Urogenital sinus
Anal canal
The perineal body is the tip of the urorectal sinus

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16
Q

What are the three parts of the urogenital sinus

A

Urinary bladder
Pelvic part
Phallic part

17
Q

The allantois obliterates from the bladder and leaves what structure

A

Urachus that becomes median umbilical ligament

18
Q

When the ureters are incorporated into the bladder and separated from the mesonephric ducts, what do the mesonephric ducts become

A

Ejaculatory ducts in males

19
Q

What does the pelvic part of the urogenital sinus become in males

A

Prostatic and membranous urethra

20
Q

What does the phallic part of urogenital sinus become in males

A

Penile urethra

21
Q

Outgrowths from the prostatic urethra/ urethral epithelium form what

A

Prostate

Or urethral and paraurethral glands

22
Q

What gene is on the Y chromosome that is key to male dev?

A

SRY gene

23
Q

Whe do gonads acquire male or female characteristics

A

7th week

24
Q

What is the indifferent gonad?

A

The primitive sex cords

25
Q

What will the primitive cords become in males

A

Testis / rete testis

26
Q

When do leydig cells start producing testosterone

A

8th week

27
Q

When do the testis cords become seminiferous tubules

A

At puberty

28
Q

Where are the Ductuli efferentes derived from

A

The excretory tubules of the mesonephric duct (Wolffian duct)

29
Q

What is derived from the Wolffian duct

A

Epididymus
Ductus deferens
Seminal vesicle

30
Q

Where do the primitive sex cords go in females

A

Separate into separate cell clusters in medulla of ovary and later disappear

31
Q

How does the cortex of the ovary form

A

Surface epithelium proliferates forming cortical cords
These cords split into cell clusters each surrounding a germ cell
This becomes a follicle

32
Q

What forms the uterine canal and the Fallopian tubes

A

Müllerian or paramesonephric ducts

33
Q

As soon as the paramesonephric duct contacts the urogenital sinus (after forming uterus) what happens

A

A solid canal of tissue forms below it that will canalize and for the vagina

34
Q

What is the origin of the vagina

A

Paramesonephric ducts

Urogenital sinus

35
Q

What separates the vagina for the urogenital sinus

A

Hymen

36
Q

The cloacal folds subdivide into what

A

Urethral folds

Anal folds

37
Q

What do the genital swellings become in males and females

A

Males- scrotum

Females- labia majora

38
Q

What stimulates the dev of female genitalia

A

Estrogen

39
Q

What is a failure of the testis to descend

A

Cryptorchidism

Cell Bio Block 4 (8 decks)

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