Female Reproductive

Question 0

What is under the topmost epithelium of the ovaries

Answer 0

Tunica albuginea

Question 1

The ovaries are covered by what epithelium

Answer 1

Simple squamous or cuboidal

Question 2

What part of the ovary has the follicles

Answer 2

Cortex

Question 3

What part of the ovary has the vessels of the ovary

Answer 3

Medulla

Question 4

Cells that start in yolk sac and move to gonads (ovary) transform I to what first

Answer 4

Oogonia

Question 5

Oogonia transform Into what

Answer 5

Primary oocytes

Question 6

What meiotic stage are primary oocytes in by 7th month

Answer 6

Diplotene stage of first prophase of meiosis 1

Question 7

What is an ovarian follicle

Answer 7

Oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of follicular cells

Question 8

What stimulates follicular growth

Answer 8

FSH

Question 9

Once a primordial follicle forms a single layer of cuboid follicular cells by mitosis, the follicle is now a __________

Answer 9

Unilaminar primary follicle

Question 10

How does communication occur in the granulosa layer of the follicle

Answer 10

Gap junctions

Question 11

Where does the zona pellucida come from

Answer 11

Oocyte and follicular cells

Question 12

A follicle with a zona pellucida, granulosa layer is what type of follicle

Answer 12

Multilaminar primary follicle

Question 13

A follicle with a cumulus oophorus, corona radiata, and an Antrum is a _____________ follicle

Answer 13

Secondary or antral

Question 14

What is theca interna responsible for

Answer 14

Synthesizing androstenedione

Question 15

What is the theca externa responsible for

Answer 15

Layers of fibroblasts

Question 16

What is the path of androstenedione

Answer 16

It goes to the granulosa layer
It’s converted to estrogen with FSH present
Estrogen goes to stroma and rest of body

Question 17

What is the most mature follicle type

Answer 17

Graafian follicle

Only one reaches this

Question 18

When is follicular atresia most intense

Answer 18

At birth
Puberty
Pregnancy

Question 19

What surge of hormone causes ovulation

Answer 19

LH (stimulated by estrogen)

Question 20

What occurs to the Oocyte immediately prior to ovulation

Answer 20

Meiosis 1 is completed and Oocyte stops in metaphase of meiosis 2

Question 21

When the follicle ruptures, what is the Oocyte still enclosed in

Answer 21

Zona pellucida
Corona radiata
Follicular fluid

Question 22

What cells make up the Corpus luteum

Answer 22

Theca interna cells

Granulosa cells

Question 23

What do the granulosa cells of the corpus luteum do and turn into

Answer 23

Granulosa lutein cells

Secrete steroids

Question 24

What do the theca interna cells become in the corpus luteum

Answer 24

Theca lutein cells

Question 25

LH causes the cells of the corpus luteum to secrete what

Answer 25

Progesterone and estrogen

Question 26

What is the corpus alibicans

Answer 26

Scar left from corpus luteum that degenerated

Question 27

What happens to the corpus luteum if pregnancy occurs

Answer 27

It starts secreting HcG from trophoblastic cells | This stimulates progesterone

Question 28

What are the three layers of uterine tubes

Answer 28

Mucosa Muscularis Serosa

Question 29

What type of epithelium is the mucosa of the uterine tube

Answer 29

Simple columnar epithelium with Ciliated and secretory cells

Question 30

What two important things are in the uterine tube secretions

Answer 30

Nutrients for Oocyte | Substances for capacitation of sperm

Question 31

Penetration of the Oocyte by sperm triggers what

Answer 31

Completion of the second meiotic division

Question 32

What are the three layers of the uterus

Answer 32

Serosa Myometrium Endometrium

Question 33

What happens to the myometriuim during pregnancy

Answer 33

Undergoes hyperplasia and hypertrophy | Smooth muscle cells Synthesize collagen

Question 34

Endometrium has what two types of cells

Answer 34

Ciliated | Secretory simple columnar

Question 35

What type of collagen is endometrium

Answer 35

Type 3

Question 36

What are the two layers of endometrium

Answer 36

Stratum functionale | Stratum basale

Question 37

How does the myometrium get blood

Answer 37

Uterine a. > arcuate a.

Question 38

How does the stratum basale get blood

Answer 38

Uterine a. > arcuate a. > radial a. > straight a. Branches

Question 39

What branches off the radial artery are important for the stratum functionale

Answer 39

Spiral a. Branches

Question 40

What are the three phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 40

Menstrual phase (actual flow) Proliferative phase Secretory phase

Question 41

What is happening during the proliferative phase

Answer 41

Follicles are growing and producing estrogen | Estrogen stimulates cell proliferation in the endometrium

Question 42

What is happening during the secretory phase

Answer 42

Progesterone from the corpus luteum causes changes in stratum functionale

Question 43

What initiates the menstrual phase

Answer 43

Rapid decline in progesterone levels when corpus luteum stops functioning

Question 44

Once implantation occurs, the endometrium becomes what

Answer 44

Decidua with decidual cells

Question 45

What are the three types of decidua

Answer 45

``` Decidua basalis (between baby and myometrium) Decidua capsularis (bw baby and lumen) Decidua parietalis (remainder) ```

Question 46

Where is the site of dysplastic changes in the cervix

Answer 46

Transformation zone

Question 47

Where is the transformation zone in the cervix

Answer 47

Just outside the cervical os in reproductive women | In the cervical canal after menopause and before puberty

Question 48

What is the transformation zone

Answer 48

An abrupt change between endocervix (columnar) and ectocervix (stratified squamous )

Question 49

What are the three layers of the vaginal wall

Answer 49

Mucosal layer | Muscular layer adventitia layer

Question 50

During the follicular phase, what do the cells of the vagina do

Answer 50

Secrete glycogen

Question 51

What type of epithelium is in the lactiferous sinus

Answer 51

Two layered cuboidal

Question 52

What type of epithelium is in the lactiferous duct (opens into nipple)

Answer 52

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 53

What type of epithelium is in rest/majority of lactiferous duct system

Answer 53

Simple columnar/ cuboidal

Question 54

What role does estrogen have in mammary glands and pregnancy

Answer 54

Duct growth

Question 55

What role does progesterone have on mammary glands and pregnancy

Answer 55

Alveolar growth

Question 56

How are protein components released during lactation

Answer 56

Merocrine secretion

Question 57

How are lipid components released during lactation

Answer 57

Apocrine secretion

Question 58

How is colostrum different than milk

Answer 58

High IgA content | More protein and less carbs and fats