Adrenal Glands Flashcards
What does the medulla secrete
Catecholamines
What does the cortex secrete
Steroid hormones
What does the medulla cells of the adrenal gland originate from?
Neural crest
What does the cortex cells of the adrenal gland originate from
Mesodermal mesenchyme
What are the three arteries that supply the adrenal gland
Superior suprarenal
Inferior suprarenal
Middle suprarenal
What are the three main types of blood distribution within the adrenal gland
Capsular capillaries
Fenestrated cortical capillaries
Medullary arterioles
What is the main collecting vein in the adrenal gland?
central adrenomedullary vein
what is special about the central adrenomedullary vein?
It has a tunica media around it (smooth muscle) that will contract to empty out the blood from the adrenal gland into circulation w/ its hormones
what are the three divisions of the adrenal cortex?
zona glomerulosa
zona fasciculata
zona reticularis
What surrounds each cell cluster in the zona glomerulosa
Rich network of capillaries
What do the cells of the zona glomerulosa secrete
Mineralocorticoids specifically aldosterone
What do mineralocorticoids do
Regulate sodium and potassium balance
What does aldosterone do
Stimulates reabsorption of sodium and release of potassium by kidney
What do the JG cells release
Renin
What does renin do?
Catalyze a rxn bw angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
What rxn does ACE catalyze in the lung
Angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
What does angiotensin 2 stimulate
Cells of the zona glomerulosa to secrete aldosterone
What do cells of the zona fasciculata secrete?
Glucocorticoids specifically cortisol
What effect does glucocorticoids have on the immune system
Depresses immune system
Stimulates destruction of lymphocytes in lymph nodes
What is the principle secretion of the zona reticularis
Weak androgens specifically dehydroepiandrosterone
What mechanism controls the zona reticularis
CRH -ACTH system
What type of modified neurons are found in the adrenal medulla
Chromaffin cells
What do chromatin cells release
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Axon growth of chromatin cells is inhibited by what
Glucocorticoids
