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Life Sciences For Paramedics > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What is a nephron?

A

The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

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2
Q

What are the three main functions of the kidneys?

A

Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion

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3
Q

What is the glomerulus?

A

High pressure capillary bed between afferent and errerent arterioles

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4
Q

What surrounds the glomerulus?

A

Bowmans capsule

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5
Q

What is not a major function of the kidneys?

A

Regulation of blood cell size

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6
Q

What waste product normally gets excreted by the kidneys?

A

Urea

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7
Q

What is the structure of the nephron called that filters blood?

A

Glomerular capsule

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8
Q

What is the term used to describe the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate?

A

Reabsorption

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9
Q

What structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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10
Q

What transports urine from the kidney to the bladder?

A

Ureter

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11
Q

An analysis of the physical, chemical and microscopic properties of urine is called?

A

Urinalysis

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12
Q

What is the ureters specific function?

A

Transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

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13
Q

What is the urinary bladder specific function?

A

Store urine

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14
Q

What is the urethra specific function?

A

Discharges urine from the body

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15
Q

What do kidneys control?

A

The levels of many substances in the blood

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16
Q

What do the kidneys remove?

A

Waste products from the blood and produce urine

17
Q

What are macula densa cells?

A

They sense change in sodium chloride level and will trigger auto regulatory response.

18
Q

What are the juxtaglomerular cells?

A

Cells within the kidney that synthesise, store and secrete the enzyme renin.

19
Q

Where are juxtaglomerular cells? & What do they do?

A

They are specialised smooth muscle cells mainly in walls of the afferent arterioles. They deliver blood to the glomerulus

20
Q

What is NOT a way angiotensin II affects the kidneys?

A

It increases GFR

21
Q
A

Life Sciences For Paramedics (14 decks)

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