The Brain And Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What is the cerebral cortex?
- Receives sensory information
- sends messages to move skeletal muscles
- performs activities such as thinking learning and remembering
What is the basal ganglia?
Helps coordinate slow sustained movements
What is the thalamus?
Relay station for all incoming motor movement and sensory info - hearing, taste, sight and touch
What does the hypothalamus control?
Homeostatic functions such as body temperature, respiration and heartbeat
What is the cerebellum?
Coordinates subconscious movements
What is the brain stem?
Reflex center for movements of eyeballs, head and trunk
Regulates heart beat and breathing
What is the dura mater?
Outer, thick strong membrane layer under skull and vertebral column
What is the cerebral cortex?
Outer layer that lies ON TOP of our cerebrum
What are gyri?
Ridge like elevation, which increase the surface area of the cerebral cortex and they form brain divisions
What is NOT a major region of the brain?
Cauda Equina
What structure consists of the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain?
The brainstem
What protects the brain by preventing the movements of harmful substances and Pathogens from the blood into the brain tissue?
Blood brain barrier
What fluid filled cavity is located in each hemisphere of the cerebrum?
Lateral Ventricle
What describes the function of cerebrospinal fluid
- mechanical protection
- pH homeostasis
- circulation
What structure in the brain contains centres responsible for the ‘startle reflex’ in response to loud sounds?
Inferior colliculus
What is NOT controlled by the hypothalamus?
Blood calcium concentration
What region of the brain contains pneumotaxic and bpneustic areas that help control respiration?
The pons
What functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for vision?
Primary vision area
What structures conducts nerve impulses between the two different hemispheres of the cerebrum?
Corpus callous
what functional area of the cerebrum is responsible for sensing body touch and temperature?
Primary somatonsensory area
What functional area of the cerebrum is responsible for conscious movements of the body?
Primary motor area
What can the cranial nerve V be also known as?
Trigeminal
What functional area of the cerebrum is responsible for speech?
Brocas area
What cranial nerve carries sensory information coming from the nasal cavity to the olfactory area of the cerebrum?
Cranial nerve I
What is another word for the mid brain?
The mammalian brain or emotional brain
What does the medulla oblongata control?
Heartbeat, breathing and blood pressure
What is the pons varoli?
Component of brainstem, acts as a major pathway that passes information from brain to cerebellum through brainstem
What is cerebral spinal fluid? (CSF)
Clear fluid that circulates through the internal cavities in the brain
CSF absorbs shock and protects the brain and the cord - also helps to transport nutrients and waste between blood and nervous tissue
What does I Olfactory nerve function?
Sense of smell
What is II optic nerve function?
Vision
What does the front lobe control?
Thinking, emotions, personality, judgment, memory storage
What does the parietal lobe control?
Sensory perception, understanding language
What does the occipital lobe control?
Visual perception, including colour, form and motion
What does the cerebellum control?
Muscle control, including balance and movement
What does the brainstem control?
Balance, breathing, heart rate
What does the temporal lobe control?
Production of speech, memory, understanding and language
