Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology 101 > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the layers of the kidney

A

Cortex
Medulla
Pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is in the renal cortex

A

Glomeruli
PCT
DCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a medullary ray

A

A collection of loop of Henle’s and collecting ducts that originate from the nephrons that have the renal corpuscle in the outer part of the cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Are there glomeruli in the renal medulla

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the glomerulus supported by

A

Mesangial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What’s surrounds the glomerulus

A

Bowmans capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the basement membrane of the glomerulus lined by

A

Podocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What stain highlights the glomerular basement membrane

A

Periodic acid shciff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do mesangial cells comprise

A

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

 Does albumin get filtrated out of the capillary lumen

A

No it’s too large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is specific about the basement membrane of the glamorous

A

It’s a double basement membrane and it’s negatively charged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

Right next to the glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do granular cells do

A

Detect blood pressure and secrete renin at low blood pressures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the juxtaglomerular apparatus contain

A

Granular cells and macula densa cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is glomerular tubular feedback

A

Where the macula densa cells detect sodium concentrations and feedback to the afferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the proximal convoluted tubule lined by

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the border of proximal convoluted tubule cells

A

A prominent brush border of microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the proximal convoluted tubule reabsorb

A

2/3 of the sodium and potassium

19
Q

What is the histological difference between the thick and thin limb of the loop of Henle

A

Thin - simple squamous

Thick - cuboidal

20
Q

How can you recognise the distal convoluted tubule

A

There’s no microvilli and therefore no prominent brush border

21
Q

How does the distal convoluted tubule regulate acid base balance

A

It’s a secretes H+ and absorbs bicarbonate

22
Q

How does the distal convoluted tubule regulate sodium

A

Exchanges sodium for potassium via aldosterone

23
Q

What do the principle cells respond to

A

Aldosterone and ADH

24
Q

How does ADH increase water reabsorption

A

Increases aquaporin 2 channels in the apical membrane

25
Q

What do the intercalated cells do

A

Alpha cells secrete hydrogen ions and beta cells secrete by bicarbonate

26
Q

What level does the renal artery come off the abdominal aorta

A

L1

27
Q

What are the divisions of the renal artery

A 
Anterior and Posterior
Interlobar 
Arcuate 
Interlobular
Afferent arteriole
28
Q

What is the renal pelvis lined by

A

Urothelium

29
Q

What does the renal pelvis do

A

Transports filtrate from nephron to ureter

30
Q

What is urothelium

A

A stratified epithelium that can stretch in 3 dimensions

31
Q

What cells are on the surface of urothelium

A

Umbrella cells

32
Q

How do umbrella cells prevent the passage of urine between them

A

They have tight intercellular junctions

33
Q

What is underneath the umbrella cells in the urothelium

A

Pseudostratified layer of polygonal cells

34
Q

What are the layers of muscle in the ureters

A

Inner longitudinal and outer circular

35
Q

What is the bladder lined by

A

Urothelium

36
Q

What creates a functional valve in the bladder

A

The world to find muscularis propria which the Ureta has to pass through to get to the bladder

37
Q

What is the proximal female urethra lined by

A

Transitional epithelium

38
Q

What is the distal female urethra lined by

A

Squamous epithelium

39
Q

What glands open to the female urethra

A

Paraurethral and periurethral

40
Q

What are the parts of the male urethra

A

Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Penile urethra

41
Q

What is the prostatic urethra line by

A

Urothelium

42
Q

What is the membranous urethra lined by

A

Urothelium

43
Q

What is the proximal penile urethra lined by

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

44
Q

What is the distal penile urethra lined by

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

Histology 101 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions