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Histology 101 > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

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1
Q

What is serum

A

Plasma minus the clotting factors

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2
Q

What are the most common cells in the blood

A

RBCs

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3
Q

Why are red blood cells biconcave

A

To increase the surface area of them

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4
Q

Where are the red blood cells produced in the fetus and the adult

A

Foetus - liver

Adult - haematopoitic bone marrow

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5
Q

Where are the red blood cells destroyed

A

The liver and spleen

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6
Q

Which cells are granulocytes

A

Neutrophils eosinophils and basophils

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7
Q

What proportion of leucocytes the eosinophils make up

A

5%

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8
Q

What blood cells are agranulocyte

A

Lymphocytes and monocytes

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9
Q

What are the most common white blood cells

A

Neutrophils

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10
Q

What are some features about a neutrophil

A

multi lobed nucleus
granular cytoplasm
Phagocytes

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11
Q

What are the primary phagocytes

A

Neutrophils

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12
Q

How do neutrophils phagocytose things

A

Respiratory burst - using myeloperoxidases 

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13
Q

What are myeloperoxidase used for

A

Respiratory burst of neutrophils

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14
Q

What are myeloperoxidase stored in

A

Lysosomes

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15
Q

What cells increase in a parasitic infection

A

Eosinophils

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16
Q

What is a feature of an eosinophil

A

Bilobed nucleus

17
Q

Are Basophils common

A

No they make up only half a percentage of the white blood cells

18
Q

What do basophil granules contain

A

Histamine

19
Q

What are basophils the circulating form of

A

 mast cells

20
Q

What type of hypersensitivity are basophils involved in

A

Type 1

They have IgE receptors

21
Q

What are the types of lymphocytes

A

B and T cells

22
Q

What do B lymphocyte cells do

A

Become plasma cells and secrete antibodies

23
Q

What do T cells do

A

They’re involved in cell mediated immunity

24
Q

Where do T cells develop

A

In the thymus

25
Q

Where do B cells develop

A

The bone marrow

26
Q

What do T-helper cells do

A

Healthy cells activate macrophages

27
Q

What is a characteristic of a monocyte

A

They have a kidney bean shaped nucleus

28
Q

What do monocytes differentiate into

A

Antigen presenting cells
Kupffer cells
Osteoclasts
Alveolar macrophages 

29
Q

What are platelets formed from

A

Megakaryocytes

30
Q

Which Haematopoietic phone series lies next to the bone

A

The myelon series

31
Q

What does the myelon series give rise to

A

WBCs

32
Q

Where does the erythron series lie

A

Between bony trabeculae

33
Q

Where are megakaryocytes found

A

Between bony trabeculae

34
Q

What is the change in erythropoesis

A

Decrease cell size
Increased haemoglobin production
reduced organelles

Histology 101 (14 decks)

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