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Histology 101 > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

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1
Q

Why are skeletal muscle striated

A

The myofibrillar are in register

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2
Q

What shape are skeletal muscles in cross-section

A

Polygonal

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3
Q

What is skeletal muscle cell membrane known as

A

Sarcolemma

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4
Q

Where are nuclei are present in skeletal muscle cells

A

Towards the edge, pressed against the cell membrane

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5
Q

Is cardiac muscle striated

A

Yes

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6
Q

Where is the nuclei in cardiac muscle

A

In the centre of the cell

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7
Q

Which muscles have intercalated discs

A

Cardiac muscle

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8
Q

What do indicated discs do

A

Connect adjacent myocytes chemically and mechanically

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9
Q

Which muscles are branching

A

Cardiac muscles

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10
Q

What shape are smooth muscles longitudinally

A

Spindle-shaped

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11
Q

Is Smooth muscle striated

A

No

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12
Q

What are the contractile cells around capillaries

A

Pericytes

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13
Q

What sells contract around glands

A

Myofibroblast and myoepithelial cells

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14
Q

What is a Syncytium?

A

Myoblasts fused to form multi cellular muscle fibre

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15
Q

How are myofibrils formed

A

Sarcomeres a joined end to end

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16
Q

What are fascicles

A

Muscle fibres grouped together

17
Q

Why are skeletal muscles multinucleated

A

They are formed from the fusion of multiple individual myoblasts

18
Q

What is the difference between cardiac and skeletal muscle

A

Cardiac muscle branches and has intercalated discs

Skeletal muscle is multinucleated

19
Q

What is the thin filament of a sarcomere

A

Actin

20
Q

What is a sarcomere

A

Functional unit of muscle

21
Q

What is the thick filament in a sarcomere

A

Myosin

22
Q

What are the limits of a sarcomere

A

Between 2 Z-lines

23
Q

What are the two types of skeletal muscle

A

Slow twitch and fast twitch

24
Q

What is the histological difference between type one and two skeletal muscle

A

You can’t tell them apart on h&e stains

25
Q

How do you type one fibres derive energy

A

Through oxidative phosphorylation

26
Q

Which fibres are fatigue resistant

A

Type one slow twitch fibres

27
Q

Which fibres are not fatigue resistant

A

Type two fibres that get energy from glycolysis alone

28
Q

What senses tension in a muscle

A

Muscle spindles

29
Q

What are muscle spindles

A

Intrafusal muscle fibres wrapped around by gamma efferent nerve fibres

30
Q

What is the order of connective tissue from small to large in skeletal muscle

A

Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium

31
Q

What connective tissue is between individual muscle fibres

A

Endomysium

32
Q

What is perimycium

A

Connective tissue that binds groups of muscles together to form fascicles

33
Q

What binds muscle fascicles together

A

Epimysium

34
Q

What are sharpey’s fibres

A

Connect muscle to bone

35
Q

What connective tissues to sharpey’s fibres link

A

They connect epimysium of muscles to the periosteum of bone

Histology 101 (14 decks)

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