Urinary System Flashcards
1
Q
basic unit of the kidney
A
nephron
2
Q
each kidney contains over 1 million ____
A
nephrons
3
Q
each nephron has a tiny coiled tubule with a ____ Capsule at one end
A
Bowman’s
4
Q
The Bowman’s capsule surrounds a Capsule surrounds a cluster of capillaries called a _____
A
glomerulus
5
Q
how much urine does a full bladder contain
A
1 pint / 470 mL (almost half a liter)
6
Q
what causes the urge to void?
A
approx 200-300 mLs of urine causes the internal sphincter to open - allowing urine to flood the upper segment of the urethra
7
Q
what is the purpose of the kidneys?
A
- remove waste products from the blood
- maintain water balance within the body
- maintain electrolyte balance
8
Q
potassium and calcium are needed for the proper function of ____ and ____ muscles
A
skeletal, cardiac
9
Q
function of sodium
A
- needed for fluid balance
- decreased Na leads to dehydration
- leads to fluid retention if levels are too high
10
Q
normal effects of aging on the urinary system
A
- decreased muscle tone
- prostate enlargement
- increased risk for UTIs
- less efficient filtration (40+ -> number of nephrons starts to decrease)
11
Q
why is hydration important for the urinary system?
A
- helps kidneys work properly
- flushes harmful bacteria from the bladder
- prevents UTIs
