urinary/reproductive Flashcards
bean shaped organs
right and left kidney
blood enters the kidneys through the
renal artery through the abdominal aorta
blood exits the kidneys through the
renal veins through the inferior vena cava
the round organ where urine passes to
urinary bladder
the tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder
ureters
urine exits the bladder through this single tube
urethra
the structure that encapsulates the kidneys
fibrous capsule
the outer region of the kidney where most urine formation occurs
renal cortex
deep to the cortex on the kidney
renal medulla
the medulla consists of the dark triangular structures with the bases at the cortex
renal pyramids
the apex of the renal pyramids
renal papilla
cortical tissue extend inward between the pyramids
renal columns
the funnel like structure at the end of the papillae
minor calyx
the minor calices merge to form this. there will be multiple minor calices in these structures
major calyx
two or three major calices merge to form this, where the urine collects in the pelvis
renal pelvis
the prominent indentation on the medial side
hilum of kidney
artery going up in hilum from the renal artery
segmental artery
the artery coming down the renal column
interlobar artery
the curved artery between the medulla and the cortex
arcuate artery
arteries that stripe to cortex of the kidney
interlobular artery
the veins that stripe the cortex of the kidney
interlobular vein
the rounded vein in between the cortex and medulla
arcuate vein
the vein that will go down a column in between the pyramids
interlobar vein
the microscopic filtering UNITS in the cortex of the kidney
nephron
bulbous part of the nephron. inside it has the glomerular capsule when it’s not sectioned
renal corpuscle
the ball of porous capillaries inside the renal corpuscle
glomerulus
the hallow structure that surrounds the glomerulus
glomerular capsule
on the renal corpuscle the most outer layer
glomerular capsule outer layer
the yellow membrane that’s composed of podocytes that wraps around the glomerular capillaries forming slits
visceral layer
the empty space in the glomerular capsule that’s between the visceral and parietal layer
capsular space
the thicker capillaries going into the glomerulus
afferent glomerular arteriole
the thinner capillary that goes out from the glomerulus
efferent glomerular arteriole
the first twisted tubes going from the glomerulus to the nephron loop
proximal convoluted tubule
The nephron tubule that goes towards the medulla of the kidney
nephron loop
the side that goes down from the proximal convoluted tubule
descending limb
the side that goes up towards the distal convoluted tubule
ascending limb
after the nephron loop the tubule becomes this
distal convoluted tubule
the distal convoluted tubule of different nephrons dump urine into this structure
collecting duct
in the papilla of the pyramids several collecting ducts merge to form this
papillary duct
the capillaries that surround juxtamedullary nephrons
vasa recta
the capillary bed that is around the upper part of the nephron
peritubular capillaries
the bladder wall, this muscle
detrusor muscle
the openings on the back wall of the bladder where the ureters enter
ureteral orifices
the folds on the bladder mucosa
rugae
the narrow at the bottom of the bladder where the internal urethral sphincter is
the neck
the upside down tunnel of the bladder that acts as a funnel to the urethra
trigone
involuntary muscle at the bladder neck
internal urethral sphincter
the voluntary muscle surrounding the urethra at the pelvic floor
external urethral sphincter
on male models the glands at the sides of the urethra
prostate glands
the skin convered sac on testes
scrotum
the muscle on a sectioned testicle that surrounds the tunica vaginalis. this controls the temperature
cremaster
on a sectioned testicle the white line, sac that encloses testis making a scrotal cavity
tunica vaginalis
the ball like feature where spermatogenesis occurs
testes
the tubes inside a sectioned testi where sperm is made
seminiferous tubules
raised tube on the back of the testes where sperm goes to mature
epididymis
where the ductus deferens passes through the abdominal wall. this is where the testes descend from in the infant
inguinal canal
where blood supply goes into the penis
testicular artery
where blood supply goes out of the penis
testicular vein
the tube that transfers sperm from epididymis to the back of bladder
ductus deferens
where the ductus deferens swells and gets bigger in the back. above the seminal glands
ampulla
the gland located on the back of the bladder
seminal glands
located in the prostate gland
ejaculatory ducts
where ejaculate comes out
urethra
the anchor of the penis that goes into the pelvis
root
the body of the penis
shaft/body of penis
the head of the penis
glans penis
towards the back of the root where it gets thicker on the bottom
bulb
where the shaft of penis meets the glans penis
neck
this gray matter that sits on top of the corpus spongiosum that fill with blood to cause erection
corpus cavernosa
the bottom part of the penis where the urethra passes through
corpus spongiosum
the foreskin that covers the glans penis
prepuce
the red muscle right under the prostate
external urethral sphincter
the larger fold of skin protecting the urethra and vagina
labia majora
the usually hairless smaller folds of skin that protect the vagina
labia minora
the nub in the front that is used for sexual arousal
clitoris
the tube leaving the bladder
urethra
the pathway behind the urethra
vagina
if you lead up the vagina
uterus
the entrance to the uterus from vagina
cervix
the pathway in the cervix
cervical canal
the cervical canal leads to this open part of the body
uterine cavity
main part of the uterus
body
the anterior bulge of the uterus
fundus
outer most layer of the uterus
perimetrium
the middle layer of the uterus. smooth muscle
myometrium
inner most layer of the uterus. this sheds during menses
endometrium
the tubes that come out from the uterus
uterine tubes/ fallopian tubes
where the uterine tubes connect to the uterus
isthmus
the very tip of the where the ovary will meet. next to the ampulla
infundibulum
finger like structures on the infundibulum
fimbriae
the thicker part of the ovary from the isthmus
ampulla
the glands at the end of the uterine tubes that are connected to the finbriae
ovaries
what happens every month in women
an ovarian follicle containing an immature oöcyte develops in the ovary
protrusion of the breast where milk comes out
nipple
the dark tissue that surrounds the nipple. the target
areola
the structure that has the ductus deferens, veins, arteries
spermatic cord
